MADEIRAN GROUP. 81 



smaller than the bifrons (it being about 5^ lines across the 

 widest part), but with somewhat the same prima facie aspect. 

 It is, however, thinner in substance, paler in hue, and still less 

 shining ; its umbilicus is a trifle larger, but at the same time 

 more suddenly (or less gradually) excavated ; its spire is ap- 

 preciably more depressed, although the volutions are rather 

 tumid ; the latter are not quite so numerous, or so coarsely 

 sculptured with oblique costate lines ; and the basal whorl is 

 conspicuously (though not very greatly) deflexed at the aper- 

 ture. This character, last mentioned, is indeed rather im- 

 portant ; but I do not think it is sufficiently so to remove the 

 defiorata from that particular section of Patula which embraces 

 the gorgonarum, Bouvieri, and Bertholdiana, of the Cape 

 Verde archipelago, and the Canarian P. garachicoensis. 1 



(§ Janulus, Lowe.) 



Patula bifrons. 

 Helix bifrons, Loive, Cambr. Phil. Soc. Trans, iv. 46. t. 5. 

 f. 18 (1831) 

 Pfeiff., Mon. Hel. i. 144 (1848) 

 „ „ Loiue, Proc. Zool. Soc. Loud. 178 (1854) 



„ „ Alb., Mid. Mad, 44. t. 11. f. 13-16 (1854) 



55 



„ Paiva, Mon. Moll. Mad. 24 (1807) 



1 A species (which hns been identified for me by Dr. Gwyn Jeffreys with 

 the common European H. hispida, Linn.) has been communicated by Mr. 

 Leacock, somewhat allied to the P. defiorata but very much smaller, several ex- 

 amples of which were taken many years ago in the garden of Mr. Hollway's 

 house above Camacha, on the mountains to the eastward of Funchal,and which 

 were ' imported from France along with some young apple trees.' Of course it 

 has no connection with the true fauna of Madeira; nevertheless since there is 

 some reason for suspecting that it may have established itself in that par- 

 ticular district (for I am informed by Mr. Leacock that specimens of it were 

 found to have strayed immediately outside Mr. Hollway's grounds), it perhaps 

 ought not to be passed over altogether in silence. It is a trifle larger and 

 more depressed than the common European H. sericea, Drap., with an 

 appreciably larger and more exposed umbilicus, and apparently quite free 

 from hairs. And, as compared with the P. defiorata, in addition to its much 

 reduced stature (the examples measuring only from about 3£ to 4 lines across 

 their broadest part), it has its spire a little less flattened, its umbilicus re- 

 latively not quite so large, and its surface somewhat less coarsely costate- 

 striate ; its ultimate whorl, also, does not seem to be deflexed (as in that 

 species) at the aperture. It may be briefly characterized as follows : 



Helix hispida, Linn. 



T. sat. late umbilicata, rotundato-depressa, lenticularis, discoidea sed baud 

 carinata, tenuis, nitidiuscula, leviter et insequaliter striatula, calva, pallide 

 cornea sed hinc inde parcissime subalbido-marmorata ; spira subdepressfi ; 

 anfractibus 6, convexiusculis, lente crescentibus, ultimo antice baud dellexo ; 

 umbilico spirali, prof undo, sed haud valde lato ; aperturii lunata, peristomate 

 tenui, acuto, marginibus non approximatis et lamina subnulla junctis. — Ilium . 

 urn]. 3^-4. alt. 2. Helix hispida, Linn., Syst. Nat. 675 (1758) 



Habitat Mafleram (certe a Gallia introducta); in horta qu.idam supra 

 Camacha, circa 2,500' s. m., olim (teste D. Leacock) reperta. 



G 



