596 PHA NER OGA MS. 



(3) Spicate inflorescences with abbreviated rachis : — 



4. The Capitiilum : Rachis conical or tubular, or even hollowed out like a 



cup ; flowers sessile ; bracts frequently absent (Gompositae, Dipsa- 

 caceae). 



5. The Simple Umbel : Flowers stalked and springing from a very short 



rachis {e.g. the Ivy). 



b. Panicled Inflorescences arise when the lateral axes of the first order again branch 

 and produce axes of the second and higher orders ; every axis or only those 

 of the last order may terminate in a flower ; the capacity for development 

 usually decreases from below upwards both on the lateral and on the pri- 

 mary axis. 



(a) Panicled Inflorescences with elongated axes: — 



6. The true Panicle : Axes and pedicels elongated {Crambe, Grape-vine). 



7. The Compound Panicle made up of Spikes : The elongated lateral axes 



bear sessile flowers {Veratrum, Spircsa Aruncus, the ' ears ' of Wheat, 

 Rye, &c.). 

 O) Panicled Inflorescences with abbreviated axes : — 



8. Compact spike-like Panicle : The very short lateral axes are arranged 



on an elongated primary rachis (the 'ears' of Barley, Alopecurus, 

 &c.). 



9. Tbe Compound Umbel : The very short rachis bears a densely compact 



umbel of secondary (partial) umbels usually with long stalks (cf. 

 No. 5) ; if the compound umbel is surrounded by a whorl of leaves 

 this is called the In'volucre ; a similar whorl surrounding the secondary 

 umbel is an Involucel (secondary involucre) ; one or both may be 

 absent ; (most Umbelliferae). 



B. Cymose, Centrifugal, or Definite Inflorescences result from the primary 

 axis branching beneath the first flower in such a manner that each lateral axis itself 

 terminates in a flower, after producing one or more lateral axes of a second order which 

 in their turn terminate in flowers and continue the system in this manner ; the develop- 

 ment of each lateral shoot is stronger than that of the primary axis beyond the point of 

 origin (see Figs. 134-136, pp. 178-180). 



a. Cymose Inflorescences without a Pseud-axis : Two or more lateral axes are de- 

 veloped beneath each flower, terminating in flowers ; lateral axes of a higher 

 order continuing the system in the same manner. 



10. The Anthela : An indefinite number of lateral axes are produced on 



each axis, and overtopping the primary axis develope in such a 

 manner that the entire inflorescence does not acquire any definite 

 shape {e.g. Juncus lamprocarpus^ tenuis, alpinus, and Gerardi, Lunula 

 tiemorosa, &c.^). The an.hela of these genera, as well as of Scirpus 

 and Cyperus, exhibits a number of different transitional forms to the 

 panicle and even to the spike, and on the other hand to the formation 

 of cymose inflorescences with pseud-axes, e.g. in Juncus bufonius. 

 The inflorescence of Spiraea Ulmaria is included in this form by 

 myself and others. 



11. The Cymose Umbel : A whorl of three or more equal axes springs from 



the primary one, secondary whorls of lateral axes being again pro- 

 duced from it, and the process being then again repeated (see 

 Fig. 148). The whole system resembles a true umbel in habit ; 



* Compare the careful description by Buchenau in Jahrb. flir wissensch. Bot. IV, p. 393 et !^eq» 

 and PI. 28-30. 



