APPENDIX. BOOK III. 96 1 



the crystalline form of the micellae. Strasburger argues that cell-walls and starch-grains 

 consist of numerous lamellae which are in different states of tension and are at the same 

 time very firmly adherent ; it is to these tensions that the optical phenomena in question 

 are due, and it is not probable that any mechanical force applied could so far modify 

 these tensions as to produce an alteration in the optical phenomena. 

 Strasburger's views may be summarised as follows: — 



1. Organised bodies consist of molecules of solid substance united by chemical 

 affinity; the water which they contain is retained by intermolecular capillarity. 



2. The doubly refractive properties of starch-grains and cell-walls depend upon 

 tensions. 



3. The directions of swelling-up are determined by a certain anatomical structure. 



4. The increase in surface of organised bodies depends upon stretching and swelling- 

 up (see also p. 946). 



5. Increase in thickness or in bulk depends upon apposition. 



Page 671. On the growth of artificial cells, see Traube, Experimente zur physikal- 

 ischen Erklarung der Bildung der Zellhaut, ihres "Wachsthum durch Intussusception, und 

 des Aufwartswachsens der Pflanzen, Bot. Zeitg. 1875, p. 56 ; also Reinke, ibid.^ p. 425, 

 Bemerkungen iiber das Wachsthum anorganischer Zellen ; further, Sachs and Traube, 

 Bot. Zeitg. 1878. 



Page 678. On Transpiration, see also Wiesner, Untersuch. ueb. den Einfluss des 

 Lichtes und der strahlenden Warme auf die Transspiration der Pflanze, Sitzber. d. k. 

 Akad. d. Wiss., Bd. LXXIV, Wien, 1876 (also Ann. d. Sci. Nat., ser. 6, t. IV, 1876). 



In note 4, for * 1836 ' read ' 1856.' 



Page 688. On the absorption of water by roots, see Vesque, De I'influence des 

 matieres salines sur I'absorption de I'eau par les racines, Ann. d. Sci. nat., ser. 6, t. IX, 

 1880. 



Page 701. Absorption of substances by roots. See Phillips, On the Absorption of 

 metallic oxides by plants, American Journal of Science, 1882. 



Page 703. On the chemistry of Assimilation, see Reinke, Theoretisches zur As- 

 similationsproblem, Bot. Zeitg. 1882 : also Strasburger, Bau und Wachsthum der Zellhaute, 



p. 237. 



Page 707. It has been recently ascertained that glycogen occurs as a reserve- 

 material in many plants : see Errera, L'Epiplasme des Ascomycetes et le Glycogene des 

 V^g6taux, Brussels, 1882. 



Page 712. From observations made on Euphorbia trigona, Treub comes to the 

 conclusion that the laticiferous cells serve as channels for the transmission of amylaceous 

 substances, and that the starch-grains which they contain are transitory (Ann. du Jardin 

 bot. de Buitenzorg, III, 1882), 



Page 734, paragraph 3. See also Holzner, Beob. ueb. die Schiitte der Kiefer oder 

 Fohre und die Winterfarbung immergriiner Gewachse, Freising, 1877. 



Page 737. On the action of light, see also Pauchon, Rech. sur le r61e de la lumiere 

 dans la germination, Ann. d. Sci. Nat., ser. 6, t. X, 188 1. 



Siemens, On the Influence of Electric Light upon Vegetation, Proc. Roy. Soc, 

 1880; also. On some Applications of Electric Energy to Horticulture and Agriculture, 

 London, 1881. 



Page 739 (2). See also Famintzin, De I'influence de I'intensit^ de la lumiere sur 

 la decomposition de Tacide carbonique par les plantes, Ann. d. Sci. Nat., s6r. 6, t. X, 1880. 



Page 744 {b). Famintzin, La decomposition de I'acide carbonique par les plantes 

 expos6es a la lumiere artificielle, Ann. d. Sci. Nat., ser. 6, t. X ; Deherain et Maquenne, 

 Sur la decomposition de I'acide carbonique par les feuilles ^clairees par des lumieres artifi- 

 cielles, Ann. d. Sci. Nat., ser. 6, t. IX (1880). 



Page 761. On the function of chlorophyll, see further. Bonnier, Du role physiol- 

 ogique de la chlorophylle, Ann. d. Sci. Nat., ser. 6, t. X, 1881 ; and Hansen, Geschichte der 

 Assimilation und Ghlorophyllfunction, Arb. d. bot. Inst, in Wurzburg, II, 1882. 



3 Q 



