CLASSIFICATION OF FUNGI 57 



Earle, of the papaw ; Periconia pycnospora, Fres., of 

 the malanga. 



Order 2. MELANCONIALES. This order includes a 

 small number of species in which neither asci nor 

 pycnidia are produced. The spores are usually borne in 

 irregular cavities without walls. The majority of the 

 species are saprophytic, but a few are parasitic, and the 

 cause of some of our most important and destructive 

 plant diseases. 



The diseases caused by the species belonging to 

 Colletotrichum are usually known as anthracnoses. No 

 definite pycnidia are formed, but the conidia are formed 

 in clusters within the tissues of the plants and are at 

 first covered by the epidermis, which eventually ruptures 

 and allows them to escape. The conidial patches are 

 surrounded by setae. Among the most important 

 species are C. lindemuthianum, (Sacc. and Magn.) 

 Seibner, of the bean (see page 226) ; C. gossypii, 

 Southworth, of the cotton (see page 111); C. gloeo- 

 sporioides, Penz., of the citrus fruits (see page 116) and 

 avocado; C. lagenarium, (Pass) Ell. and Hals., of the 

 cucumber, squash, water-melon, etc. ; C.falcatum,Went., 

 of the sugar-cane (see page 79) ; C. cqffearum, Nack, of 

 the coffee (see page 166); C. incarnatum, Zimm., of 

 coffee and cacao ; C. camelliae, Massee, of the tea (see 

 page 171) ; C. phomoides, (Sacc.), Chester, of the tomato 

 (see page 214) ; C. palmarum, of the palm ; C. nigrum, 

 E. and EL, of the pepper (see page 224) ; C. vanillae, of 

 the vanilla ; C. luxificum, van Hall and Dorst, C. 

 brachytriclmm, Del., and C. theobromae, of the cacao. 



The diseases caused by the species belonging to the 

 genus Gloeosporium are also known as anthracnoses. 

 The characters are very similar to those of Colletotrichum 

 in that there are no true pycnidia, and that the spores 

 are borne in patches within the tissues of the plant and 

 beneath the epidermis, which is eventually ruptured. 

 There are no setae as in Colletotrichum. The spores 

 are colourless or salmon-coloured, unicellular, and borne 

 singly on the tips of the conidiophores. Among the 



