192 DISEASES OF TROPICAL PLANTS CH . 



cacao in Ceylon, and is very closely allied to N. 

 ditissima, Tul. In time it may even girdle the tree. 

 It is not considered very serious. The conidial stage 

 is a Fusarium. 



,N. cqffeicola and N. gigantospora have been re- 

 ported as attacking the Para rubber in Java. 



A bark disease has been reported from the Straits 

 and Federated Malay States (Perak), which starts at 

 the tip and travels down, and which kills the trees in a 

 very short time. It is evidently due to an Ascomycete, 

 and is apparently allied to Cucurbitaria. 



Corticium javanicum, 1 Zimm., is the cause of a 

 serious bark disease of the branches and trunk of 

 Hevea Ficus and Castilloa, tea and coffee in the Straits 

 Settlements, Ceylon, Java, and Malay. It attacks 

 the trees of all ages, but usually does not kill those 

 above two and a half years of age. It appears as a 

 small rosy, nearly whitish spot on the bark, and gradu- 

 ally extends in all directions until it girdles the affected 

 part. As it enlarges it thickens and becomes a more 

 vivid rose tint. The bark finally cracks and is easily 

 crushed. It is contagious, and the diseased parts 

 should be cut and burned. The diseased parts should 

 not be carried from place to place, but should be burned 

 as soon as possible. Spraying young trees with 

 Bordeaux mixture has proved very successful. 



Corticium Zimmermanii, Sacc. and Syd., is the 

 common cause of a bark disease of the Para rubber 

 throughout the eastern tropics. It is very similar to 

 C. javanicum, Zimm., and in fact may be the same. It 

 also attacks the orange, cacao, cinnamon, pepper, mango, 

 ramie, tea, cinchona, and other plants. C. calceum is a 

 bark disease which has been reported from the Malay 

 Peninsula. 



Fusicladium sp. is the cause of a black canker on 

 Hevea in the Straits. It gains entrance to the trees 

 through the cut ends of branches and other wounds, causes 

 the leaves to become yellow and die, and sometimes kills 



1 This fungus lias also been reported on the Manihot. 



