VII 



VANILLA CLOVE 243 



Calospora stages. The Hainsea stage occurs on both 

 the living stems and leaves, the mycelium spreading 

 through the tissues and eventually killing the entire 

 plant. The Cytospora arid Calospora stages are 

 developed later on the dead leaves. The disease has 

 been reported from Seychelles, Reunion, Antigua, and 

 Mauritius. 



The disease can be controlled by burning the 

 diseased refuse which has fallen to the ground, and by 

 careful drainage. 



Other fungi which have been reported on the 

 vanilla are, Vermicularia vanillae, Delacroix ; C. 

 oligochaetum, Gloeosporium lagenarium, G. affine, 

 Sacc. ; G. bussei, Hemm. ; Uredo scabies, Cooke (from 

 Colombia) ; Uromyces Jqffrini, Delacroix, and Nectria 

 borgoriensis, Bernard. More definite information will 

 doubtless prove some of the above names to be synonyms. 



CLOVE 



The clove trees are comparatively free from disease, 

 or at least if subject to diseases there is very little 

 available information on the subject. 



Mildew. An undetermined fungus, which apparently 

 belongs to the Peronosporeae, has been reported from 

 the Malay and Straits Settlements. It originates as a 

 dark-red irregular spot, more or less rounded, and ^ to 

 -J- inch in diameter. It is scattered irregularly over the 

 leaf, usually most abundant near the edge and visible on 

 both sides. It attacks the leaves before they are fully 

 opened or have attained their full green colour. 



The centre of the spot becomes hard and black, and 

 the oil glands swollen- and protuberant. At length on 

 the under (rarely upper) surface may be seen with hand 

 lens a fine white hair-like mildew. This is made up of 

 sporophores, bearing three to nine short arms, and at 

 the apex of each arm a yellow sporangium. 



This disease is very severe on seedlings, and will 



