444 



Key to Plate No. 28 Plate No. 28 



WINTER PLUMAGES 



(A) AMERICAN MERGANSER, adult male. 



(B) AMERICAN MERGANSER, adult male wing. 



(C) AMERICAN MERGANSER, adult female. 



(D) AMERICAN MERGANSER, adult female wing. 



Chief distinguishing features of AMERICAN MERGANSER: MALE, (a) 

 Hind toe with lobe, (b) typical merganser bill, long, n irrow, cylindrical 

 and toothed, (c) nostril near middle of bill, (d) feathering on upper man- 

 dible extends forward about equal to feathering on lower mandible, (e) 

 head without pronounced crest. FEMALE, (a), (b), (c) and (d) same as 

 male, (e) head with elongated crest, (f) large white throat-patch, dis- 

 tinctly outlined against red of cheek and neck, (g) red of upper neck 

 clearly defined against colour of lower neck. 



(E) RED-BREASTED MERGANSER, adult male. 



(F) RED-BREASTED MERGANSER, adult male wing. 



(G) RED-BREASTED MERGANSER, adult female. 



(H) RED-BREASTED MERGANSER, adult female wing. 



Chief distinguishing features of RED-BREASTED MERGANSER: MALE. 

 (a) Hind toe with lobe, (b) typical merganser bill, long, narrow, cylindri- 

 cal and toothed, (c) nostril near base of bill, (d) feathering on upper 

 mandible extends forward to a sharp angle and forward of feathering on 

 lower mandible, (e) dark head with straggly, double-pointed crest, (f) 

 white collar and reddish band across upper chest. FEMALE, (a), (b), (c) 

 and (d) same as male, (e) brownish head, with straggly double-pointed 

 crest, (f) brown of head merges imperceptibly into whitish foreneck. 



Autumn Plumage, Plate No. 29. 

 Downy Tonne/, Plate No. 35. 



Text: American Merganser, page 348; Red-breasted Merganser, page 

 357. 



