THE HORSE. 



Q. Describe the borders. — A. The bor- 

 ders are lunated and straight : the lunated 

 is broadest in the centre, and narrows to- 

 wards the extremities ; superiorly it has a 

 smooth narrow strip of surface along the 

 middle, which is adapted to the bevelled 

 portion of the articulatory surface of the 

 coffin bone ; the part beneath is fluted and 

 porous, into which is inserted a ligament 

 which connects it with the coffin bone. 

 The straight border is thinner than the 

 opposite one ; superiorly it is rough and 

 porous ; inferiorly it is smooth -and lipped. 



Q. What is the form and direction of 

 the extremities of the navicular bone ? — A. 

 They are obtusely pointed, one directed 

 outward and the other inward. 



Q. What ligaments are inserted into the 

 extremities ? — A. The lateral ligaments. 



HIND EXTREMITIES. 



Q. What is the situation of the hind 

 extremities? — A. They occupy the inferior 

 and posterior parts of the pelvis, and sup- 

 port the posterior parts of the trunk. 



Q. How are the bones of the hind ex- 

 tremities divided? — A. They are thus 

 divided : Femur, stifle, thigh, hock, leg, pas- 

 tern, coronet, and foot. 



Q. Name the bones comprising these 

 parts. — A. 



FEMUR. 

 STIFLE BONE. 



Patella. 



THIGH BONES. 



Tibia and Fibula. 



HOCK BONES. 



Astragalus, Os calcis. 



Cuboid bone, 

 Three Cuneiform bones. 



BONES OF THE LEG. 



Metatarsi Magnum. 

 Metatarsi Paryieum, t-^-o bones (splents). 



PASTEP>N JOINT. 



Ossa Sessamoidse (two bones), 

 Os Suffiraginis (pastern). 



CORONET. 



Os Corona. 



BONES OF THE FOOT. 



Os Pedis find Os Naviciilare. 



7 



Q. Where is the femur situated ? — A. 

 Between the pelvis and thigh bones. 



Q. How is it divided? — A. Into a body 

 and two extremities. 



Q. What are the peculiarities of the 

 superior extremity ? — A. It consists of two 

 parts : a hemispherical, smooth, articulatory 

 head, directed upwards and inwards, and 

 joined to the body by a flattened neck, 

 and exhibiting on its inner side a fissure, 

 into which is fixed the teres or round liga- 

 ment. The other part is a large irregular 

 projection at the base, and posterior to the 

 same is a deep oval cavity ; at the superior 

 part is a roughened crest ; inwardly it pre- 

 sents a concave, smooth surface. 



Q. What is the proper name of the pro- 

 jection? — A. The great external tro- 

 chanter. 



Q. What muscles are inserted into the 

 the same ? — A. The gluteii. 



Q. What is inserted into the concave 

 smooth surface? — A. The capsular liga- 

 ment. 



Q. What is the form of the body of the 

 OS femoris ? — A. It is cylindrical. 



Q. How does it correspond in size and 

 weight with other bones of the body ? — A. 

 It is the longest and weightiest. 



Q. What is the form of inferior extrem- 

 ity ? — A. It is broad and thick, and has a 

 trochleal prominence and two condyles. 



Q. Give a description of the same. — A. 

 The articular or pully-like surface anteriorly 

 consists of a broad, semi-circular groove 

 bounded on either side by a prominence ; 

 the condyles much resemble each other, 

 excepting that the external is the thickest, 

 and the internal most projecting; they 

 exhibit prominent, convex, articulatory sur- 

 faces ; on their sides are rough eminences ; 

 between them is a deep fossa ; at the base 

 of the external condyle is a pit. 



Q. What articulates over the pulley-like 

 surface ? — A. The patella or stifle bone. 



Q. What is inserted into the rough emi- 

 nences ? — A. The lateral ligaments. 



Q. What occupies the fossa ? — A. The 

 inter-articular ligament. 



