60 



ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF 



156. Gracilis. 

 lol. Pcctiiifus. 



158. « o C Adductor brevis. 



159. 1 1 ^ Adductor loiigus, 

 IGO. t^l C Adductor magniis, 



POSTEKIOR ILIO FEMORAL REGIOX (MUSCLES OX THE 

 OUTER AND POSTERIOR P.VRT OF THE HAUNCH). 



161. Biceps abductor. 



162. Abductor tibialis. 



MUSCLES OF THE THIGH AND LEG. 



ANTERIOR AST) FEMERO-CRUEAL REGION (MUSCLES IN 

 FRONT OF THE TIBIA). 



1G3. Extensor pcilis. 



164. Peroneus. 



165. Flexor metatarsi. 



SUPERFICLVL POSTERIOR FEMORO-CRURAL REGION 

 (MUSCLES IN THE REGION OF THE HOCK). 



166. Gastrocnemius externus. 



167. Gastrocnemius internus. 



168. Plantaris. 



DEEP POSTERIOR FEMORO-CRURAL REGION (MUSCLES 

 WHICH ARE FOUND BENEATH THE FORMER). 



169. PoiDliteus. 



170. Flexor pedis. 



171. Flexor pedis accessorius. 



The muscles of the internal ear are named : 



Laxator tympani, 2 



Membrana " 2 



Tensor " 2 



Stapedius, 2 



Total, 8 



RECAPITULATION. 



"We shall now recapitulate, as regards 

 what has preceded, in reference to the num- 

 ber of muscles; for there exist various 

 opinions regarding the same. It may be 

 proper for us to bear in mind, however, that 

 VETERINARY SCIENCE, here, is yet in its in- 

 fancy ; and it is well known to some prac- 

 titioners, that there are several muscles 

 which remain to be named by some future 

 compiler of veterinary literature. But for 

 all practical purposes we know enough of 

 the anatomy of the horse. The industrious 

 individual, however, who not only desires to 

 make himself conversant with what is al- 

 ready Imown, but aims to improve in the 



future, will not rest satisfied with the pro- 

 ductions of his predecessors. To such an one 

 we bow with due deference, and encourage 

 hnn to proceed in the work of progression. 

 There is a fine field for exploration, and a 

 discerning public are ready and willing to 

 crown the industrious laborer with the laurel 

 of merit. 



In the preceding table, the number of 

 muscles, including those marked 49 1-2 and 

 142 1-2, appears to be 173; among these 

 are ten single ones, which are thus expressed: 



Whole number. 

 Deduct single ones, 



Pau-s, . 



]\Iultiply by 



173 

 10 



163 



2 



Single muscles, 326 



Add muscles of the internal ear, four pairs, 8 



334 



Single muscles, as above added, . . 10 



344 



It appears, therefore, that there are in the 

 system of the horse three hundred and forty- 

 four muscles. 



It should be borne in mind, that in the 

 preceding classification all are considered as 

 muscles. Among them are found tendons, 

 which are component parts, or rather ap- 

 pendages, to the same. Mr. Percivall says 

 there are, in the horse, 151 pairs, and 10 

 single muscles ; add the four pairs of the in- 

 ternal ear, which he has omitted in the cal- 

 culation, and we get 155 pairs. On page 

 72, " Hippapathology," the number of 



muscles is 



312 



Add muscles of the ear, omitted, . . 8 



The author's estimate. 



320 

 344 



24 



Difference, 



Probably the above author considers the 

 " 24 " as tendons. 



