166 



ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF 



Femoral 



Inguinal. 



INIuscular Branches. 

 Stille Branches. 

 Muscular Branches. 

 Popliteal. -{ Recurrent. 



Anterior Tibial 



Posterior Tibia 



Recurrent Articular. 



Muscular Branches. 



Cutaneous Branches. 



Metatarsal Branches. 



Metatarsal Artery. . 



Muscular Branches. 



Medullary. 



Tarsal. 



Internal Metatarsal. -\ Recurrent. 



Recurrent. 

 External Plantar. 

 Internal Plantar. 



DISTRIBUTION OF VEINS IN 

 THE HORSE. 



The two main venous trunks, the vence 

 cavce, anterior and posterior, correspond to 

 the anterior and posterior aortse. 



THE ANTERIOR VENA CAVA 



Forms the main trunk of the veins, re- 

 turning the blood from the head, neck, chest, 

 and fore extremities. It is principally formed 

 by the concurrent union of the jugular and 

 axillary veins, and is situated at its forma- 

 tion in the space between the two first ribs, 

 about midway between the sternum and 

 vertebraj ; it also receives the pectoral, ver- 

 tebral, dorso-cervical, and inferior cervical 

 veins, and the vena azygos. 



THE JUGULAR VEIN. 



It passes behind the condyle of the lower 

 jaw, under the parotid gland, and joins the 

 external carotid artery, and continues its 

 course down the neck with the latter. It 

 now receives the auricular veins, anterior 

 and posterior, and also internal. The next 

 is the temporal, the third is the internal 

 maxillary ; the latter in its course receives 

 the blood of many small veins, — the palato- 

 maxillary, infra and supra orbitar, ocular, 

 inferior maxillary, and deep temporal ; the 

 fourth branch, received by the jugular vein, 

 is the parotideal, and the last branches from 

 the masseter muscles. 



THE OCCIPITAL VEIN 



Descends from the head, along with the 



occipital artery. It brings blood from the 

 occipital sinuses, receives veins from the 

 posterior lobes of the cerebrum and cere- 

 bellum ; also from the dura mater. 



The submaxillar?/ vein is a large branch of 

 the jugular. It is formed upon the side of 

 the face by the concurrence of the facial, 

 labial, and varicose veins. It joins the 

 trunk by the side of the trachea, just below 

 the parotid gland. In its course it receives 

 a number of veins ; the principal are — the 

 submental, sublingual, lingual, pharyngeal, 

 and superior laryngeal veins. The facial 

 vein results from an expansion of small 

 veins upon the side of the face, one of 

 which is the varicose from the masseter. 

 The labial vein is formed by the union of 

 a plexus of venous branches, coming prin- 

 cipally from the angle of the mouth, joined 

 by others both from the upper and lower 

 lips. The varicose vein is buried in the 

 masseter. 



The jugular trunk having received the 

 submaxillary, proceeds down the neck, and 

 terminates in the anterior vena cava, within 

 the space between the two first ribs. Near 

 the junction of the submaxillary the jugu- 

 lar receives the small thyroideal, cutaneous, 

 muscular, and tracheal veins. Near its 

 termmation it receives a branch of the 

 superficial brachial, and plait or plat vein. 



The vertebral vein runs the same course 

 as the artery, through the foramina, in the 

 transverse processes of the cervical verte- 

 bras, with the exception of the last. This 



