202 



TOXICOLOGICAL CHART. 



larly the liver after incineration, and also in 

 the blood. 



Tests. — Water of Ammonia affords an 

 azure-colored precipitate, or a violet-colored 

 solution, the ammoniuret of copper. 



Ferrocyanide of Potassium causes a 

 brown precipitate, the ferrocyanide of cop- 

 per. 



Sulphuretted Hydrogen throws down a 

 blacldsh compound, the sidphuret of copper. 



A piece of polished iron introduced into 

 the solution is soon covered with metallic 

 copper. 



AGENT. 



SALTS OF LEAD. 



Symptoms. — Of these, like the above, 

 comparatively large quantities are required 

 to cause death. Violent spasms, tremors, 

 obstinate constipation of the bowels, fol- 

 lowed by paralysis, partial or complete, are 

 the usual indications. 



In the neighborhood of lead works ani- 

 mals are often thus affected, when, in addi- 

 tion to these symptoms, there is a depraved 

 appetite present: the stomach after death 

 being found filled to repletion with strange 

 and incongruous substances. 



Treatment. — Solutions of the sulphate 

 of magnesia or soda, combined with croton 

 or linseed oil ; afterwards allaying the irri- 

 tation by means of opium. 



The phosphate of soda has also been ex- 

 tolled as an antidote. 



The treatment for the paralysis which 

 remains consists in judicious dieting and 

 exercise. 



Morbid Appearances. — The lining mem- 

 brane of the stomach and intestines is 

 sometimes inflamed, sometimes blanched; 

 the caliber of the latter is diminished, and 

 its coats coiTUgated ; the muscular tissue 

 throughout the body has lost its power of 

 contractility ; the buccal membrane is pale, 

 and the blood of a brighter color than nat- 

 ural. 



Tests. — Chromate of Potass throws down 

 a yellow precipitate, the chromate of lead. 



Iodide of Potassium likewise gives a yel- 

 low precipitate, tlte iodide of lead. 



Sulphuretted Hydrogen causes a black 

 precipitate, the stilphuret of lead. 



A rod of Zinc introduced into it causes 

 a deposition of metallic lead in a crystalline 

 form. 



The alkaline carbonates and sulphates, 

 although they give white precipitates with 

 lead, have been objected to as tests. 



AGENT. 



POTASSJE NITRAS. 



Nitrate of Potash, 

 Nitre. 



Symptoms. — Much uneasiness ; cholicky 

 pains ; pulse feeble, quick, and irregular ; 

 respiration accelerated; mouth hot; mu- 

 cous lining of the eyelids and nostrils 

 highly injected ; increased secretion of 

 urine ; frequent voiding of faeces. If the 

 quantity given is very great, the abdominal 

 pains are more intense ; the breathing more 

 labored; the pulse quicker; ineffectual ef- 

 forts to stale are made ; the extremities are 

 cold ; and the prostration of strength is 

 extreme. If not, after manifesting much 

 uneasiness, the faeces are frequently voided ; 

 diuresis supervenes ; and relief is obtained. 



Treatment. — A free use of demulcents; 

 oleaginous purgatives ; hot rugs to the ab- 

 domen, and over the loins ; opiate enemata ; 

 if necessary, the abstraction of blood ; with 

 hand-rubbing, and bandages to the extremi- 

 ties. Possibly a mustard cataplasm or a 

 sheepskin over the loins will be of service. 

 Such counter irritants as are likely to be 

 carried to the kidneys are to be avoided. 



Morbid Appearances. — The villous coat 

 of the stomach highly inflamed and studded 

 with dark spots resembling ecchymosis, 

 varying in size and running into patches ; 

 they are easily scraped off, and contain a 

 deposit of serum. The cuticular coat is 

 also inflamed, but not so highly, and its 

 texture is much weakened ; the small intes- 

 tines are pervaded with an inflammatory 



