A DICTIONARY. 



243 



found that there will he no necessity for 

 diminishing its quantity. The inflamma- 

 tion, as it is termed, is always sufficiently 

 controlled when the circulation of the blood 

 is free and universal. Therefore, instead of 

 withdrawing vital action, promote its equal 

 and universal diffusion. 



Frog. — The posterior part of the horse's 

 foot. 



Galbanum. — A gum resin, sometimes 

 employed as an expectorant and anti-spas- 

 modic ; the dose, three or four drachms. It 

 is used, also, in the composition of warm 

 adhesive plasters, such as gum and diachy- 

 lon plaster. 



Gall. — A common name for bUe. 



Gall. — A sore produced by pressure, or 

 chafing, of the saddle or harness. 



Gall Bladder. — The horse has no gall 

 bladder, or reservoir for bUe. A consider- 

 able quantity of bile, however, is formed by 

 the horse's liver, and is conveyed by the 

 hepatic duct into the first intestine, or duo- 

 denum. In the cow and sheep, the gall 

 bladder is of considerable size. 



Ganglion. — This term is applied to a 

 natural enlargement, or knot, in the course 

 of some of the nerves. 



Gangrene. — An incipient mortification. 

 In this stage of the disease, there is gener- 

 ally absence of pain ; the part is deprived 

 of vital force, by causes inducing a loss of 

 tone. 



Garlic. — It operates upon the horse as 

 a diffusible stimulant and expectorant ; 

 possessing, also, diuretic properties. The 

 author considers garlic a valuable remedial 

 agent in the treatment of any disease where 

 the constitution has suffered through hard 

 work, or ill usage. It is a general custom, 

 on the eastern coast of China, to allow cattle 

 to eat as much as they choose. They are 

 never known to suffer any inconvenience 

 from it ; on the contrary, they appear to 

 thrive, and are scarcely if ever sick. The 

 only objection to its long-continued use in 

 cattle is, that it imparts an unpleasant flavor 

 to the meat. It is considered by Gibson to 

 be a valuable remedy in coughs. He advises 

 two or three of the cloves or kernels, cut 



small, to be given in each feed, and observes 

 that, by continuing this practice, with right 

 and well-timed exercise and careful feeding, 

 he has known many horses to recover, even 

 when there has been a suspicion of their 

 wind. 



Gastric Juice. — A juice formed in the 

 stomach for the purpose of digestion. 



Gastritis. — Inflammation of the stom- 

 ach. 



Gaunt-Bellied. — A term applied to a 

 horse when he is drawn up in the flank. 



Gelatine. — A component part of ani- 

 mal matter. 



Gelding. — A castrated horse. Such 

 horses are not so vigorous as stallions ; the 

 latter are freer from disease than geldings, 

 and will do more work, and keep a better 

 appearance, as to coat and flesh, upon the 

 same quantity of food. 



Gentian Root. — A good tonic for a 

 horse : the dose is two or three drachms. 



Gestation. — Being with young. The 

 time of gestation in the mare is eleven 

 months; in the cow, nine months. 



Ginger. — An aromatic root, possessing 

 stimulant and carminative properties. 



Glanders. — A contagious disease pecu- 

 liar to the horse, the ass, and the mule. 

 Many persons suppose that glanders and 

 farcy are the effect of a specific poison in 

 the blood ; but this theory is exploded. 

 The following will throw some light on the 

 subject, for which we are indebted to R. 

 Vines, V. S. : " All the symptoms of disease 

 which constitute glanders and farcy invari- 

 ably depend on the unhealthy state of the 

 system into which it is reduced or brought, 

 and not, as is supposed, from a specific 

 poison contained in the blood ; and these 

 symptoms of disease are found to depend 

 on, and arise from, a variety of causes; 

 whether they occur at the latter states or 

 stages of common inflammatory diseases, 

 such as strangles, common cold, distemper, 

 disease of the lungs, dropsy, etc., or whether 

 they arise independently of such causes ; 

 for, when the system is brought into an un- 

 healthy state, and is more or less debilitated, 

 from neglect, or by the improper treatment 



