32 



ANIMAL MANAGEMENT. 



The 

 marks. 



Star. 



Race.' 



Snip." 



Blaze." 



"Upper- 

 lip," and 

 " under- 

 lip." 



"Ray" 



and 



"stripe."' 



Zebra 

 marks. 



Saddle 

 marks and 

 girth 

 marks. 



White 

 hairs in 

 the coat. 



The marks usually noted are as follows : — 



On the head. 



" Star^'' a white mark generally more or less rounded in the centre of 

 the forehead ; it is further described as " large," " small," " irregular," or 

 " faint," when necessary. 



"7v*<2<f^," a narrow white stripe down the face, usually in the centre, 

 and further described as " short," " broad," or " faint," according to its 

 appearance. A race is also described as a " reach," or " stripe," by some ; 

 the latter term must not be confounded with a " stripe " along the back, 

 alluded to further on. 



" Snip" a white mark between the nostrils, which may be centrally 

 placed, or may extend to one nostril, in which latter case it is so 

 described. 



'■'■ Blase" a broad splash of white down the face, which may be 

 distinct from star and snip, or may embrace both, and even cover the 

 greater part from the forehead to the muzzle. When very exaggerated, 

 the term " white-face " or " bald-face " is sometimes employed. 



" Upperlip " and " underlip " are the names used to denote white skin 

 at the edges of the lips. 



On the body. 



" List" " Ray " and " stripe " are terms used for the dark lines seen 

 along the back of some horses, all donkeys and many mules, and the two 

 last are used for similar marks down the shoulders. 



Zebra via7'ks are the dark horizontal stripes seen at the back of the 

 arm above the knee and across the lower part of the thigh. They are 

 not very common in horses but are usually seen in donkeys and mules. 



In describing horses the above terms are sometimes called imile 

 marks or donkey marks. 



Saddle jnarks and girth 7narks are white patches or stripes produced 

 by the pressure of the load or girth. Saddle marks are extremely 

 common, in fact it is the exception to find an old troop horse without 

 them. 



White hairs i?i the coat, mane and tail and patches of white or dark 

 hair on any part of the body are also noted. 



When the coloured hairs of grey horses are arranged in small tufts 

 over the entire body they are said to be flea-bitten, and much the same 

 appearance is produced in South African horses as the result of tick 

 bites {tick marks). 



