34 



ANIMAL MANAGEMENT, 



Foal. Foal applied to either sex under one year old, after which the term 



" yearling" is used. 

 Filly. Filly ^ a young female, usually up to three years old, after which she is 



spoken of as a " mare." 

 Rig. Rig^ a male from which only one testicle has been removed. 



It may be noted in passing that stallions and rigs should not be 



employed as soldiers' horses as there must always be a risk of their 



screaming or misbehaving at some critical moment. 



Height. 



Horses are measured by hands ; a hand being four inches. 

 A pony. A pony usually means an animal not more than fourteen hands, but 



the special conditions of polo and pony racing have resulted in the term 

 being used to describe many larger animals. 



Fig. 3. 

 Back and front view of milk tooth, showing on back, 

 at rt, the hollow caused by the pressure of the growing 

 permanent tooth beneath, which ultimately pushed the 

 milk tooth out. 



Cobs and Cobs and Galloways are horses not exceeding fifteen hands, and the 



galloways, former term generally implies a thick-set animal as well. 



The average height of English horses is usually considered to be 15*2 ; 



but the variations are from about 9 hands in the Shetland to 17 hands in 



the Shire, 



