I02 



ANIMAL MANAGEMENT. 



Crushed 

 gram. 



Soaking 

 gram. 



A 



"heating 

 food. 



Boiling 

 necessary. 



crush it sufficiently to split the husk and give it mixed with a pro- 

 portion of bran, either dry or just sufficiently damp to facilitate chewing 

 and prevent the bran being scattered. Natives, however, constantly soak 

 it for a considerable period and then give it without the addition of other 

 food, and although this plan is not followed in the Service it appears to 

 answer as regards practical utility. In soaking this or any other grain 

 in a hot climate it must be remembered that fermentation is very easily 

 set up, and grain left in this condition for too long a time becomes quite 

 sour. Six hours is generally sufficient. 



KULTHI. 



Is the staple grain food in the south of India; it is a small, hard, 

 brown bean, much mixed with stones and requiring careful cleaning 

 before use. As a general grain food it is even more " heatmg '' in 

 its properties than beans or gram and not more than ten pounds 

 should be given daily. The only method of preparation is to boil it 

 slowly in a small quantity of water until floury, when it tastes and 

 smells something like haricot beans ; in this condition it is mixed with 

 bran and chaff, and the water in which it was cooked should be given 

 to the animals to drink as it is most nutritious. 



Parching and crushing have proved unsatisfactory methods for the 

 preparation of koolthi, although both have been given a trial. 



Moth, Mung, and Urad. 



Various Are all small peas widely distributed in India, but principally used in 



peas. l-j^g north, and are considered to be excellent as condition raisers, for 



which purpose they are generally given boiled in quantities of from one 



to four pounds ; there is no reason why they should not be made use of 



as a general grain ration should necessity arise, either whole or crushed. 



Millets. 



Various All varieties of millet are made use of in various portions of the globe 



forms. for feeding horses and are met with in India as " Bajri " and " Jawari " ; 



in South Africa as " Kaffir Corn," and in China as " Kaoliang " ; they 

 may usually be fed without preparation, but can be crushed with 

 advantage, and the same quantities as of oats may be considered a 

 sufficient ration ; one form, "Jawari," constitutes almost the sole grain 

 food of the Balooch horses in the Western Punjaub, and they are 

 capable of undergoing the severest exertion upon it. 



