PREVENTION AND FIRST AID TREATMENT OF DISEASE. 3 II 



It must be again repeated that the occurrence of fever in animals is 

 usually a symptom of some other disease which produces the general 

 symptoms just described in addition to those special to the disease. 



Glanders- Farcy is a contagious disease peculiar to the horse and mule Glanders- 

 and occasionally communicated to man. It is very slow in development *^^^y- 

 in many cases, and may lie dormant in the system for a long time. It is 

 communicated from one animal to another by the discharges from the 

 diseased, and consequently calls for very strict measures of precaution 

 when dealing with an outbreak. 



The visible symptoms are a slight, sticky discharge from the nose, 

 usually from one nostril, a hard lump under the jaw on the same side as 

 the discharge, the lump feeling as if it was stuck on to the jaw and not 

 freely movable. Small sores may appear in the nostril or in certain 

 situations on the skin (farcy buds), and these have the same sticky 

 discharge as seen from the nose and show no inclination to heal. When 

 these sores are found on the legs the disease is popularly known as 

 " farcy," but it is the same disease as glanders, only the ulcers are on the 

 skin instead of the nose. The glanders-farcy ulcer is a small ragged- 

 edged, angry-looking sore, covered, after it bursts, with a glutinous, not 

 very copious, discharge ; they occur in lines one below the other, and 

 the common situations for them are in the nose, down the inner sides of 

 the limbs, and occasionally on the neck and face. In their neighbourhood 

 the lymphatic vessels may be seen standing out under the skin like 

 knotted cords, and it is in the course of the cords that the sores occur. 

 Cases of this disease may linger on for a considerable period after these 

 symptoms are observed, and should be destroyed, when the disease has 

 been confirmed. 



Measures for dealing with an outbreak. — The obviously diseased are Measures 

 slaughtered and those that have been in contact with them segregated, for dealing 

 Carry out strict disinfection of standings and gear. The tempera- ^^i^^^^j^ 

 tures of the in-contact animals are taken daily, as the first indication of 

 the disease is often an irregular slight fever. A daily inspection 

 of all animals is made, especially of the nose, beneath the jaw, and at 

 the insides of the limbs. This disease almost invariably declares itself 

 on service, and all cases with nasal discharges, especially if only from 

 one side, should be regarded with suspicion and placed under 

 observation, even if there is nothing else obviously the matter with them. 



Remedial measures are not of any use, and once a case has been 

 decided to have glanders, it is destroyed and the carcase, &c., burnt or 

 buried. The use of the diagnostic agent " mallein " now enables the 

 veterinary service to deal with glanders in a much more satisfactory 



