PREVENTION AND FIRST AID TREATMENT OF DISEASE. 313 



Inflaimnation of the hmgs. — Pneumonia may occur from the extension Inflamma- 

 of a cold into the lungs, or may, especially among horses, arise without any Jion of the 

 visible cause, when it should be treated as a contagious disease and the '""?s- 

 case segregated. In outbreaks of influenza among horses it is a somewhat 

 common form for the disease to take. From whatever cause it arises the 

 general symptoms are : The animal will probably be noticed dull and off 

 feed ; there may be a history of a cold or cough for a day or two previ- 

 ously ; the animal stands still, the forelegs probably a little wide apart, 

 the breathing hurried, the pulse fast, and the temperature high. The 

 lining of the eye will be generally found a brighter red than normal, and 

 the bovvels are usually constipated. From day to day the changes to be 

 observed are slight, the pulse remains fast but gets gradually weaker, the 

 breathing remains hurried but may become more shallow, the tempera- 

 ture keeps high and the appetite is gone or capricious. After a few 

 days the animal begins to get visibly thinner, and the wasting is so rapid 

 that at the end of a fortnight many cases are skin and bone. A slight 

 rusty coloured discharge may be sometimes observed from the nostrils, 

 and a painful cough is often a constant accompaniment. When the ribs 

 over the lungs are struck with the tips of the fingers, the sound produced 

 is duller than is natural. 



Treatment. — In this disease, above all others, good nursing is neces- Treat- 

 sary. The great thing is to get the case to eat sufficient food to keep up meat, 

 the strength. Every variety of food may be tried to tempt the animal, 

 and small quantities of different sorts should be left in the stable at 

 night. Water should be kept within easy reach and changed whenever 

 fouled. Warm enemas and green food should be frequently administered 

 if the bowels are constipated, but physic balls are not to be given. If the 

 case is weak, a daily stimulant is beneficial (carbonate of ammonia ball). 

 After recovery a long rest is essential to allow the lungs to get back their 

 elasticity. 



Strangles is a fever of young horses, the prominent feature of which Strangles." 

 is an abscess which develops between the branches of the lower jaw ; 

 there is also fever, and in many cases the animals may be off their feed 

 and get thin. It is contagious, but large outbreaks are chiefly confined 

 to remount depots. The disease is a serious one and occasions severe 

 animal losses ; it is closely associated with one form of pneumonia. 



Symptons. — Fever and swelling beneath the jaw. This swelling is Symp- 

 at first hard and diffused, but within a few days it becomes prominent tof"s. 

 in the centre between the jaws and gets soft at the point. It then bursts 

 and generally heals rapidly. 



Treatment. — Feed the animal well and pay attention to the state of Treat- 

 ment. 



