336 ANIMAL MANAGEMENT. 



cause the wounds to fester although the hole made in the horn may have 

 closed completely. Unless discovered and let out from the ground 

 surface of the foot, it gradually works its way up to and out at the 

 coronet, when the resulting sore is called a " qiiittorr The pain caused 

 by the formation of matter in the foot is intense, the animal is extremely 

 lame and the foot hot. The quantity may be trifling and the colour is 

 greyish. A good opening should be made in the horn to admit of a free 

 discharge, and the wound syringed with antiseptics, care being taken to 

 keep it opened till all discharge has ceased, and dirt should be excluded 

 by a tow pad and boot on the foot. The foot may be poulticed or stood 

 in warm water to relieve the pain and soften the horn. To retain 

 dressings in the sole of the foot a piece of tin may be slipped under the 

 edges of the shoe and pressed flat, and this will be found useful when 

 boots are not available and the injury is to the sole or frog. 

 Bruises to Biiiisesto the sole are not common when the horn of the sole is left 

 the sole, uncut, as it is usually sufficiently thick to protect the sensitive parts 

 effectively ; they may, however, occur in stony ground and when animals 

 are heavily loaded. They may be detected by pain on pressure over the 

 injury and by a red stain on the horn caused by the blood from the 

 bruised fleshy sole soaking through. A leather sole nailed on beneath 

 the shoe is usually sufficient to give relief, and it is important not to pare 

 out the sole, but al'ow it to grow its full thickness. 

 Corns. Corns are bruises to the fleshy sole at the angle of the heel between 



the wall and the bar. They are caused by any undue pressure on this 

 part, and both low flat-heeled feet and narrow high-heeled ones are 

 liable to them. 



Short or narrow-heeled shoes which do not take a fair bearing on wall 

 and bar, or the wearing of shoes for too long a time without removal, so 

 that they are carried forward by the growth of the foot and become short, 

 are all frequent causes of this injury. 



Treatment of corns should, in the first instance, be directed to the 

 removal of the pressure, whatever may be its cause. In slight cases 

 removal of a small portion of the bruised horn and seating of the heel of 

 the shoe may be found sufficient, but the more serious require poulticing 

 or soaking in hot water, and where the bruise has been so severe that 

 matter has gathered in the heel (festering corn), this must be given a free 

 exit and subsequently treated antiseptically. A broad bearing shoe with 

 the heel well seated, or a three-quarter shoe, are the most serviceable for 

 such cases. 

 The feet of The feet of'W07'king oxen which are shod are liable to pricks and the 

 working; soles may be bruised ; they are also likely to suffer from sores between 



