PREVENTION AND FIRST AID TREATMENT OF DISEASE. 337 



the claw when working or standing in wet ground for any length of time, 

 and in some cases these may extend beneath the horn at the coronet. 

 The principles of treatment are the same in all cases ; any horn which is 

 underrun should be removed, a free opening given to any matter, and the 

 wounds treated with antiseptics. A figure of 8 bandage with a pad of 

 tow underneath may be conveniently bound between the claws, and should 

 not be too tight or so bulky as to spread them much. 



The feet of the camel 2iX^ liable to sustain injuries from sharp stones The' feet of 

 when marching, and cracks sometimes extend through the horny pad or the cameh 

 the sole of the foot and cause severe lameness. ' These should be 

 thoroughly cleaned, and if underrun by matter, sufficient of the horny pad 

 removed to allow free drainage, subsequent treatment being as for all 

 other injuries. 



In addition to the antiseptic dressings previously mentioned, Stock- 

 holm tar should be added as a very useful one in wounds of the foot. It 

 should be applied with a pad of tow after the wounds have ceased to 

 discharge and are healing, until the horn has again grown hard over the 

 injured parts. 



Foot soreiuss may occur in all animals, and is due to the horn of the Foot 

 sole in horses, mules, and oxen, and the horny pad of the foot in camels soreness. 

 and elephants being worn unduly thin. This may be caused by working 

 on wet or stony roads or over-marching. In the case of those which can 

 be shod, that is the obvious remedy, the shoes being seated to avoid 

 pressure on the soles. In the elephant and camel less work is the 

 only remedy, and the feet may be hardened by an application of 



chobe." 



Lameness. 



Lameness may best be detected at a slow trot when the animal is not Lameness, 

 excited, and it should be led straight away from and back towards the 

 person examining it. When any animal is lame, it takes as much weight 

 as possible off the injured or painful limb and places it on the opposite 

 one. The extra weight placed on the sound side gives an uneven 

 appearance to the action. If lame of a foreleg the animal will be seen 

 to "bob ''^ its head, when trotting towards you, every time the sound foot 

 comes on to the ground. If lame behind, you will see that the hock of 

 the sound leg rises higher and dips lower than that of the lame one when 

 the animal is trotting away from you. In each case the bobbing. of the 

 head and the dipping of the hock is caused by the extra weight placed on 

 the sound side. Animals lame of both fore or both hind legs take short 

 (b 10948) Y 



