214 



THE VITAL FUNCTIONS. 



320 



earth-worm, and continued into a long and tor- 

 tuous intestine (i, i), which presents in 

 its course several dilatations (c, c), 

 and receives very elongated, convo- 

 luted, and ramified hepatic vessels 

 (h,h). Fig. 320 is a highly magnified 

 view of a small portion of one of these 

 vessels, showing its branched form. 

 In the alimentary canal (Fig. 321*) of the 

 Acrida aptera (Stephens), 

 which is a species of grass- 

 hopper, feeding chiefly on the 

 dewberry, we observe a long 

 oesophagus (o), which is very 

 dilatable, enlarging occasion- 

 ally into a crop (i), and suc- 

 ceeded by a rounded or heart- 

 shaped gizzard (g), of very 

 complicated structure, and 

 connected with two remark- 

 ably large biliary pouches (u 

 and b), which receive, at their 

 anterior extremity, the upper 

 set of hepatic vessels (v v). A 

 deep furrow in the pouch (b), 

 which, in the horizontal posi- 



* The figures relating to this insect were engraved from the 

 drawings of Mr. Newport, who was also kind enough to supply 

 me with the description of the parts they represent. Fig. 321 is 

 twice the natural size. 



