286 CLASSIFICATION OF SACCHAROMYCETACE^. 



blocks and on gelatin, but also in nutrient liquids, e.g., a 10 per 

 cent, solution of saccharose. The spores are 3-4 ^ in diameter. 

 According to NIELSEN (I.), the limits of sporulation temperature 

 on gypsum blocks are 32-34C. and 2.5-7.5C. Hansen reports 

 that the species ferments dextrose and saccharose, but not maltose. 

 The volume of alcohol produced in dextrose yeast water may 

 attain 10 per cent., but does not exceed 1.2 per cent, in wort. 

 The species was discovered by Hansen and Ludwig in the 

 mucilaginous exudation from oak-trees. 



This rare genus also comprises a species discovered and fully 

 described by J. BEHRENS (VIII.), though left unnamed by him. 

 The author therefore proposes to call it 



Saccharomycodes Behrensianus, Klbcker. The cells are large, 

 and round or oval ; the spores globular, 4-4.5 /* ^ n diameter, and 

 generally 2-3 in a cell, being formed at the end of twenty-two hours 

 at i8-2o C. Film formation has not been observed. The giant 

 colonies on 10 per cent, must gelatin exhibit a highly decorative 

 appearance, the dark central, crater-like hollow being surrounded 

 by very delicate concentric striations. The edges of the colonies 

 are pure white, the older middle part being somewhat darker 

 and of a yellow tinge. These giant colonies show numerous cells 

 containing spores. The species ferments dextrose, Irevulose and 

 maltose, but not saccharose, lactose and galactose, and was 

 discovered on hops. 



In the genus Saccharomycopsis, SCHIONNING (II.), the spores 

 are bi-membranous. Daring germination the exosporium opens 

 in a different manner in each of the two known species. In 

 other respects the characteristics, so far as they have been 

 ascertained, approximate most nearly to those of the genus 

 Saccharomyces. 



Saccharomycopsis guttulatus (Robin). Synonyms : Cryptococcus 

 guttulatus, ROBIN (II.) ; Saccharomyces guttulatus, autt. ; Saccha- 

 romyces guttulatus, WILHELMI (I.) ; Saccharomycopsis guttulaius, 

 SCHIONNING (II.). A drawing of this species has been given by 

 Wilhelmi and also in Fig. 148. The following description is 

 chiefly derived from WILHELMI (I.) : Cells ellipsoidal, elongated 

 oval with flattened ends, length 6-16 p., breadth 2-4 p, with linear 

 or vortical budding. The optimum budding temperature is 

 35-37 C. Nothing is known as to the formation of a film. 

 The spores are of elongated oval form, and 1-4 are present in 

 a cell. In germination, the exosporium bursts, with irregular 

 edges, either at the poles or laterally, and gradually contracts 

 to a small residue of indefinite shape. The species thrives on 

 several artificial nutrient media, e.g., on tartaric glycerin agar- 

 agar with an addition of dextrose. It ferments dextrose and 

 saccharose, and was discovered in the alimentary canal of rabbits, 

 less frequently in that of guinea-pigs and in the excrement of 

 these animals. 



