292 CLASSIFICATION OF SACCHAROMYCETACE^. 



and rugose, the cells round or oval, seldom elongated, usually 

 4-6 p. long. The limits of budding temperature on wort are 

 35-37 C. and 2-4 C. The spores are more or less decidedly 

 lemon-shaped, about 3 /u in length, with a projecting peripheral 

 ledge extending from tip to tip, and containing a small central 

 refractive globular body. The limits of sporulation temperature 

 on gypsum blocks are 28-3i.5 C. and 4-7 C., the optimum 

 being about 25 C. This species ferments dextrose, laevulose, 

 raffinose, and saccharose (the latter after inversion), but not 

 maltose, lactose, or arabinose. An ester (acetic ester ?) is pro- 

 duced during fermentation. The organism was discovered in 

 samples of soil from the Himalayas, and the same or an allied 

 species has I een repeatedly found in Danish and Italian 

 soils. 



Although, as already mentioned on p. 273, vol. ii., doubt exists 

 as to whether the genera Monospora and Nematospora really 

 belong to the family Saccharomycetacece, they will be dealt with in 

 this place. 



The genus Monospora, METCHNIKOFF (III.), ought really to be 

 re-named, since this title has already been applied, by Hoch- 

 stetter, to one of the Flacourtiacece. In Monospora, MetchnikofF, 

 the spore is acicular, and germinates by producing a lateral pro- 

 mycelium, from whence gemmation proceeds. Only a single spore 

 is formed in a cell. The genus contains only one known species, 

 viz., Monospora cuspidata, METCHNIKOFF (III.), which has been 

 drawn by the last-named worker. The cells are an elongated 

 oval. The asci are very long and sausage- or club-shaped, and 

 each ascus produces only a single, acicular spore, pointed at both 

 ends. This species is parasitic in the stomach of the water-flea 

 (Daphnia), but since its discovery by Metchnikoff it has not been 

 observed again. 



In the genus Nematospora, PEGLION (III.), the spore is elon- 

 gated, spindle-shaped, with a long nagellum at one end. Ger- 

 mination proceeds by budding at one or both extremities. Several 

 spores are formed in a cell. Up to the present only one species 

 has been described, namely : 



Nematospora Coryli, PEGLION (III.), which was drawn by 

 that worker. The cells are elongated, but in old cultures they 

 are round or oval, with a double, lustrous membrane. Budding 

 proceeds from the ends of the cell, as in the case of Dematium, 

 but, in nutrient liquids, only a mycelium is formed and no budding 

 occurs. The ascus is sausage-shaped, 65-70 ^ long and 6-8 ^ 

 broad, and it contains 8 spores, in two bundles of 4 each, 

 disposed along the longitudinal axis. The spores measure 38-40 fj. 

 in length, exclusive of the flagellum, which is 35-40 /j. long. The 

 thickness of the spores is 2-3 p. Previous to germination the 

 spores shed the flagellum and become shorter and thicker. The 

 species thrives best, and also sporulates, on sterilise! sugar beet, 



