3 o8 MORPHOLOGY OF THE ASPERGILLACE^. 



SUMMARY OF THE ASFERGILLUS SPECIES GROUPED ACCORDING TO 

 THE COLOUR OF THE CONIDIAL VEGETATION, THE CHARACTER 

 OF THE STERIGMATA, AND THE EXISTENCE OF ASCOSPORES. 



1. Green (grey, bluish green or yellow-green), viz. : 



(a) With simple sterigmata, A. glaucus, Link, with ascospores (naked 



perithecia) ; A. clavatits, Desmazieres ; A. fumigatus, Freseniu.s, 

 ascospores (cased perithecia) ; A. oryzae, (Ahlburg) Colin ; A. 

 rarians, Wehmer ; A. minimus, Wehmer ; A. flavus, Link, with 

 sterile sclerotia ; A. giganteus, Wehmer ; A. ccesiellus, Saito ; 

 A. Toke^au, Wehmer ; A. penicillopsis (Hennings), Raciborski. 



(b) With branched sterigmata : A. nidulans, Eidam, ascospores 



(ensheathed sclerotia) ; A. pseudoclavatus, Puriewitsch, asco- 

 spores (naked perithecia); A. variabilu, Gasperini ; A. vcrsi- 

 color, Vuillemin. 



2. White, viz. : 



(a) With branched sterigmata (associated with simple sterigmata in 



the case of A. candidus I, ; A. candidus /., Welmier ; A. albus, 

 Wilhelm. 



(b) With simple sterigmata: A. candidus (Link), Saccardo. 



3. Blackish brown, viz. : 



(a) With branched sterigmata. A. niger (Cramer), van Tieghem, 

 with sterile sclerotia ; A. phcenicis, Fat. and Delacr. ; .1. strychni, 

 Lindau ; A. pulccrulenta, SlacAlpine ; A. atropurpurcus, Zim mer- 

 man n ; A. violaceo-fuscus, Gasperini. 



(b} With simple sterigmata. A. luclmensis, Inui ; A. calyptratus, 

 Oudemans. 



4. Brownish yellow, yellow, brown and reddish, viz. : 



(a) With simple sterigmata : A. ostianus, Wehmer ; A. Wentii, 



Wehmer ; A. peruiciosus, Inui ; A. giganteo-sulfurcus, Saito ; 

 A. citrisporns, von Hohnel. 



(b) With branched sterigmata (occasionally associated with simple 



ones). A. sulfureus, Fresenius ; A. ochraccus, Wilhelm (with 

 sterile sclerotia) ; A. Rehmii. Zukal (with ensheathed perithecia) ; 

 A. spurius, Schroter ; A. clegans, Gasperini; A. auricomus, 

 Gueguen (with sterile sclerotia). 



284. Aspergillus Species with Simple Sterigmata. 



Asperyillus oryzce, (Ahlburg) Cohn ( = Ewotium oryzw, 

 Ahlburg). This species is of practical importance as a saccharify- 

 ing fungus, and has been cultivated for centuries in Japan for the 

 preparation of the rice mash for Sake, as well as for the produc- 

 tion of Soja sauce and Miso. Tt was first identified (as Eurotium 

 oryzce) by AHLBURG (I.) in 1876, and was renamed Aspergillus 

 oryzce by COHN (XIII.) in 1883, after which it was examined by 

 BiiSGEN (IV.) though the full morphological description by 

 WEHMER (VIII.) was not given until 1895. r ^ ne species illus- 

 trated in Fig. 1 66 produces a luxuriant mould vegetation, which 

 is usually yellow-green (rarely yellow), with large, closely set 

 tough conidiophores about 2 Him. high. It grows rapidly on a 

 large variety of liquid and solid media, and is easily cultivated 

 even at room temperature, the optimum temperature being above 

 30 C. After several weeks, or even months, the colour sometimes 



