376 



MYCOSPH^RELLACE^]. 



FIG. 184. Mycoepbffirella Tulasnci 



(E. Jancz.). 



Longitudinal section through a 



perithcciiun. Magn. 325. 



(After Janczewski.) 



by Janczewski. This allocation has recently been questioned by 

 W. SCHOSTAKOWITSCH (I.), who did not succeed in transforming 

 the so-called Hormodendron cladosporioides into Cladosporium 



herbarum. The assumption by 

 TULASNE (II.) that Cladosporium 

 herbarum belongs to the cycle of 

 development of Pleospora herbarum 

 was shown to be erroneous by the 

 researches of GIBELLT and GRIFFINI 

 (I.), by H. BAUKE (I. and II.), and 

 by F. G. KOHL (I.). Hence it may 

 be assumed, in the present state of 

 our knowledge, that, of the forms 

 of Cladosporium herbarum hitherto 

 described, one group has been recog- 

 nised by Janczewski as belonging to 

 the cycle of development of Myco- 

 sphcerella Tulasnei, whilst others 

 that have not yet been proved to so 

 belong must continue in the mean- 

 time to figure as independent species 

 in the literature. This remark 

 applies, for instance, to that corii- 

 dial fructification which was de- 

 scribed as Cladosporium herbarum by LOPRIORE (I.). This species 

 produces sclerotia which find a habitat on the husks of germinated 

 and ungerminated wheat grains in the soil. 



The progress of development of the conidial fructification of 

 Mycosphcerella Tulasnei described as Cladosporium herbarum^ and 

 first examined under the microscope by E. LOEW (II.), is the 

 exact antithesis to that of Penicilliutn ylaucum. In the latter 

 organism the outermost member of a conidial chain (the one 

 furthest from the centre of growth) is the oldest and largest, so 

 that the constriction of the several members proceeds from the 

 periphery to the central point (basis) of the fungoid herbage, and 

 is therefore basipetal (see p. 20, vol. ii.), The separate conidia 

 are produced in succession immediately below the preceding ones 

 on the conidiophore, which then, in order to counteract the 

 resulting loss of length and to prepare for further constrictions, 

 increases in length correspondingly. With Cladosporium herbarum, 

 on the contrary, the faculty of direct constriction on the part of 

 the conidiophore ceases with the production of the first conidium, 

 and all the succeeding ones are formed from this latter or from 

 the daughter cells produced in the meantime by budding. In 

 this case, therefore, the lowermost cell is the oldest, the top one 

 being the youngest, so that the production of conidia proceeds 

 from below (from the basis) upward (towards the apex), and is 

 consequently basifugal, or, in other words, acropetalous. The 



