446 



THE MONILI^E AND OIDIA. 



cylindrical, almost empty cells, supporting small tubercles carrying 

 isolated torulaceous conidia. These latter, which measure 1.8-4 /* 

 in diameter, swell up in beer wort to as much as 8 ^ and over in 

 diameter before germinating, and usually develop a branching 



chain of ellipsoidal cells. 

 The terminal cells fre- 

 quently become filamentous, 

 divide and disintegrate like 

 Oidium. It is worthy of 

 note that, in small-drop 

 cultures, these filaments 

 grow on the surface of the 

 drops, and produce aerial, 

 torulaceous conidia, which 

 frequently mask the Oidium 

 cells completely (Fig. 203). 

 In surface cultures the 

 torulaceous cells predomi- 

 nate, whereas when air is 

 excluded, cells resembling 

 yeast and Dematium are 

 formed. Hence, in its 

 various stages of develop- 

 ment, this Monilia exhibits 

 all the different cell forms 

 found in the budding fungi : 

 Dematium forms, Oidium 

 foriLs, Saccharomijces forms 

 and Torula forms ; and con- 

 sequently, in any given 

 case, any cells of Saccharo- 

 myces cerevisice accidentally 



, young bud mycelium, with terminal cells present could not be dlS- 

 elongated to filaments ; b, older filaments tinguished from the cells 

 with yeast conidia ; c, yeast-like bud mycel- 

 ium; d, Oidium-like d : sintegratiou of aged 

 hypha ; e, Oidia with torulaceous conidia ; 

 /, same conidia germinating " aerial cells " ; 

 g, Oidium, after shedding the conidia, show- 

 ing basidial tubercles. Magn. 600. (After 

 Lindner.) 



FIG. 203. Mouilia variabilis. 



of Monilia. On beer wort, 

 Monilia variabilis quickly 

 produces a dry, loose, mealy 

 film, which is readily disin- 

 tegrated, but in time grows 

 to a thickness of about i cm. 

 It consists chiefly of toru- 



and acquires considerable strength. 



laceous cells, together with long aggregations resembling Oidium, 

 and puts forth a number of tufted growths extending downward in 

 the liquid. Aerial hyphse can be observed on the surface. At 

 the same time a considerable sediment is formed, which, as 

 already mentioned, mainly consists of yeast-like cells of various 

 shapes and sizes. The growths obtained by inoculating beer wort 

 from the film and sediment respectively, differ so greatly as to 



