MORPHOLOGY. 



21 



When in a culture the cocci are for the most part associated in 

 pairs (Fig. 1, d ) , we speak of the organism as a diplococcus. 



The staphylococci are characterized by the fact that, for the most 

 part, the individual cocci in a culture are solitary (Fig. 1, b). But, 

 inasmuch as multiplication occurs by binary division, we also have 

 pairs and occasionally a group of four probably from the accidental 

 apposition of two pairs (Fig. 1, c) ; or they may be associated in grape- 



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FIG. 1. 



like bunches ; and after staining and mounting a preparation we find 

 the cells associated in irregular groups. This results from the fact 

 that they are surrounded by a glutinous material which causes them 

 to adhere to each other (Fig. 1, e). A mass of cocci held together in 



Fio. 2. 



FIG. 3. 



FIG. 4. 



this way by a transparent, glutinous, intercellular substance is spoken 

 of as a zooglcea (Fig. 2). In the genus Ascococcus the intercellar 

 substance is quite firm and the zooglcea are in the form of spherical 

 or irregularly lobulated masses surrounded by a resistant envelope of 

 jelly-like material (Fig. 3). 



When, as a result of division in one direction only, the cocci 



