312 BACTERIA IN CROUPOUS PNEUMONIA. 



jecting material containing it into the lungs through the thoracic 

 walls. 



Salvioli, in 1884, demonstrated its presence in pneumonic sputum 

 by injections into rabbits. 



In 1885 the writer made a similar demonstration, and by compara- 

 tive experiments showed that the micrococcus present in the blood 

 of rabbits inoculated with the rusty sputum of pneumonia was iden- 

 tical with that which he had discovered in 1880 in rabbits inoculated 

 with his own saliva. 



The same year (1885) A. Frankel made a similar demonstration, 

 and published a paper containing valuable additions to our knowl- 

 edge relating to the biological characters of this microorganism (first 

 publication appeared July 13th, 1885). 



In 1886 Weichselbaum published the results gf his extended re- 

 searches relating to the presence of this micrococcus in the fibrinous 

 exudate of croupous pneumonia. He obtained it in ninety-four cases 

 (fifty-four times in cultures) out of one hundred and twenty-nine cases 

 examined. 



Wolf (1887) found it in sixty-six cases out of seventy examined. 



Netter (1887) in seventy-five per cent of his cases, and in the sputum 

 of convalescents from pneumonia in sixty per cent of the cases ex- 

 amined, by inoculations into rabbits. 



Gameleia (1887) in twelve fatal cases of pneumonia in which he 

 collected material from the lungs at the post-mortem examination. 



Goldenberg, whose researches were made in Gameleia's labora- 

 tory, found it in pneumonic sputum in forty consecutive cases, by 

 inoculations into rabbits and mice. 



The Presence of Micrococcus Pneumonice Crouposce in Menin- 

 gitis. Numerous bacteriologists have reported finding diplococci in 

 the pus of meningitis, and frequently the microorganisms have been 

 fully identified as " diplococcus pneumoniae." Thus Netter (1889), in 

 a resume of the results of researches made by him in twenty-five 

 cases of purulent meningitis, reports as follows : 



Thirteen cases were examined microscopically, by cultures, and 

 by inoculations into susceptible animals ; six cases by microscopical 

 examination and experiments on animals; and the remainder only by 

 microscopical examination. Four of the cases were complicated 

 with purulent otitis, six with pneumonia, three with ulcerative endo- 

 carditis. The " pneumococcus" was found in sixteen of the twenty- 

 five cases ; in four Streptococcus pyogenes was present ; in two 

 Diplococcus intracellularis meningitidis of Weichselbaum ; in one 

 Friedlander's bacillus ; in one Newmann and Schaffer's motile ba- 

 cillus ; in one a small curved bacillus. 



In forty-five cases collected from the literature of the subject by 



