BACTERIA IN CROUPOUS PNEUMONIA. 317 



Carbolic Acid. A one-per-cent solution destroys vitality in two 

 hours, and 1 : 500 restrains development. 



Cupric Sulphate destroys the virulence of the coccus in the 

 blood of a rabbit in the proportion of 1 : 400 in half an hour. 



Ferric Sulphate failed to destroy vitality in a saturated solution, 

 but restrained development in the proportion of 1 : 200. 



Hydrochloric Acid destroys the virulence of the blood of a rab- 

 bit containing this micrococcus in the proportion of 1 : 200. 



Iodine, in aqueous solution with potassium iodide, destroys vital- 

 ity in the proportion of 1: 1,000 and prevents development in 1: 4,000. 



Mercuric Chloride. One part in forty thousand prevents the 

 development of this micrococcus, and 1 : 20,000 was found to destroy 

 vitality in two hours. 



Nitric Acid. One part in four hundred destroyed the virulence 

 of rabbit's blood containing this micrococcus. 



Caustic Potash. A two-per-cent solution destroyed vitality in 

 two hours. 



Potassium Permanganate. A two-per-cent solution destroyed 

 the virulence of rabbit's blood containing this coccus. 



Salicylic Acid, dissolved by the addition of sodium biborate. 

 A solution of 1 : 400 prevented development. 



Sulphuric Acid. One part in two hundred destroys vitality, and 

 1 : 800 prevents development. 



In a paper by Bordoni-Uffreduzzi relating to the resisting power 

 of pneumonic virus for desiccation and light, the following results are 

 given : Pneumonic sputum attached to cloths, when dried in the air 

 and exposed to diffuse daylight, retained its virulence, as shown by 

 injection in rabbits, for a period of nineteen days in one series of ex- 

 periments and for fifty-five days in another. Exposed to direct sun- 

 light the same material retained its virulence after twelve hours' 

 exposure. Cultures have far less resistance, and the protection 

 afforded by the dried albuminous material in which the micrococci 

 were embedded, in the experiments referred to, probably accounts 

 for the virulence being retained so long a time. 



Kruse and Pansini (1892) have published an elaborate paper giv- 

 ing an account of their researches relating to "diplococcus pneumo- 

 niae " and allied streptococci. We give below a summary statement 

 of their results : 



Many varieties were obtained by the observers named in their cultures 

 from various sources from the lungs of individuals dead from pneumonia, 

 from pleuritic exudate, from pneumonic sputa, from bronchitic sputa, from 

 the saliva of healthy persons, from the secretion in a case of subacute nasal 

 catarrh , from the urine of a patient with nephritis. 



Pure cultures were obtained by the use of agar plates or by inoculations 

 into rabbits. In all about thirty varieties were obtained and cultivated 



