330 PATHOGENIC MICROCOCCI 



23. STREPTOCOCCUS SEPTICUS (Fliigge). 



Found by Nicolaier and by Guarneri in unclean soil during researches 

 made in Fliigge's laboratory in Gottingen. 



Morphology. Cannot be distinguished from Streptococcus pyogenes, but 

 does not so constantly form chains, being found in the tissues of inoculated 

 animals, for the most part in pairs. 



Biological Characters. Grows more slowly than Streptococcus pyogenes ; 

 in gelatin plates very minute colonies first appear at the end of three or four 

 days, or along the line of puncture in gelatin stick cultures after five or six 

 days. Does not liquefy gelatin. 



Pathogenesis. Is very pathogenic for mice and for rabbits, causing death 

 from general infection in two or three days. 



24. STREPTOCOCCUS BOMBYCIS. 



Synonym. Microzyma bombycis (Bechamp). 



Found in the bodies of infected silkworms suffering from la flacherie 

 (maladie des morts-plats). Etiological relation established by Pasteur. 



Morphology. Oval cells, not exceeding 1.5 ju, in diameter, in pairs or in 

 chains. 



Biological Characters. Not determined with precision. 



Pathogenesis. The infected silkworm ceases to eat, becomes weak, and 

 dies. Its body is soft and diffluent, and at the end of twenty-four to forty- 

 eight hours is filled with a dark-brown fluid and with gas. 



25. NOSEMA BOMBYCIS. 



Synonyms. Micrococcus ovatus; Panhistophyton ovatum. 



Found in the blood and all of the organs of silkworms infected with 

 p4brine (Fleckenkrankheit). 



First observed by Cornalia. Etiological relation established by Pasteur. 



Morphology. Shining, oval cells, three to four # long and two/* broad; 

 solitary, in pairs, or in irregular groups. 



Biological Characters. Not determined with precision. 



Pathogenesis. Dark spots appear upon the skin of infected silkworms, 

 which lose their appetite, become slender and feeble, and soon die. The 

 oval corpuscles are found in all of the organs, and also in the eggs of 

 butterflies hatched from infected larvae. Some authors are of the opinion 

 that the oval corpuscles found in this disease do not belong to the bacte- 

 ria, but to an entirely different class of microorganisms the Psorospermia 

 (Metschnikoff). 



26. MICROCOCCUS OF HEYDENREICH. 



Synonyms. Micrococcus of Biskra button Fr. " clou de Biskra "; Ger. 

 "Pendesche Geschwur." 



Found by Heydenreich (1888) in pus and serous fluid obtained from the 

 tumors and ulcers in the Oriental skin affection known as Biskra button. 



Morphology. Diplococci, from 0.86 to 1 /* in length, surrounded by a 

 capsule ; sometimes associated to form tetrads. 



,s'/a///.s with the usual aniline colors. 



Biological Characters . An aerobic, liquefying micrococcus Grows in 

 the usual culture media at the room temperature. In gelatin stick cultures, 

 at 20 C., at the end of fortv-eight hours growth occurs along the line of 

 puncture in the form of small, crowded colonies, which produce a grayish- 

 white line; upon the surface a thin, circular layer of a yellowish-white 

 color is developed. At the end of three to four days liquefaction commences 

 near the surface, where a funnel is formed which extends until about the 

 fourteenth day, when the gelatin is completely liquefied. Upon the surface 



