BACILLI WHICH PRODUCE SEPTICAEMIA. 429 



more are known to us from experiments made in pathological labora- 

 tories, in testing by inoculations into animals bacteria obtained from 

 various sources, with reference to their pathogenic power. We in- 

 clude in this group only those bacilli which induce fatal septicaemia 

 in susceptible animals when injected into the circulation or sub- 

 cutaneously in a comparatively small quantity e.g., less than half 

 a cubic centimetre of a bouillon culture. 



01. BACILLUS SEPTICAEMIA H^EMORRHAGIC^E. 



Synonyms. Bacillus of fowl cholera ; Microbe du cholera des 

 poules (Pasteur) ; Bacillus cholerae gallinarum (Fliigge) ; Bacillus der 

 Hiihnercholera ; Bacillus of rabbit septicaemia ; Bacillus cuniculi- 

 cida (Fliigge) ; Bacillus der Kaninchenseptikamie (Koch) ; Bacillus 

 der Binderseuche (Kitt) ; Bacillus der Schweineseuche (Loffler and 

 Schutz) ; Bacillus der Wildseuche (Hueppe) ; Bacillus der Biiffel- 

 seuche (Oreste-Armanni) ; (Bacterium of Davaine's septicaemia ?) 



It is now generally admitted by bacteriologists that Koch's ba- 

 cillus of rabbit septicaemia (1881) is identical with the bacillus 

 ("micrococcus") of fowl cholera previously described by Pasteur 

 (1880). The similar bacilli found in the blood of animals dead from 

 the infectious diseases known in Germany as Wildseuche (Hueppe), 

 Rinderseuche (Kitt), Schweineseuche (Schutz), and Buffelseuche 

 (Oreste-Armanni) appear also to be identical with the bacillus of 

 rabbit septicaemia and fowl cholera. This view is sustained by 

 Hueppe and by Baumgarten, and by the comparative researches of 

 Caneva (1891) and of Bunzl-Federn (1891). 



This is evidently a widely distributed pathogenic bacillus ; it was 

 obtained by Koch from rabbits inoculated with pu- 

 trefying flesh infusion, by Gaffky from impure river 

 water, and by Pasteur from the blood of fowls suffer- 

 ing from the infectious disease known in France as 

 cholera des poules. It is not infrequently found in 

 putrefying blood, and its presence in the salivary 

 secretions of man has occasionally been demonstrated FlQ l>29 Bac in us 



(Baumgarten). Septica ! m . i89 ^ b8 tf^." 



With reference to the American swine plague 

 described by Salmon and Smith, we are informed by 

 Smith, in his most recent publication upon the subject 

 (Zeitschrift fur Hygiene, Band x., page 493), that cultures of the 

 German Schweineseuche bacillus, received from the Berlin Hygienic 

 Institute, compared with his cultures from infected swine in this 

 country, agreed in all particulars, except that the former were de- 

 cidedly more pathogenic for swine and for rabbits. 



It appears extremely probable that the form of septicaemia studied 



