456 



BACILLI WHICH PRODUCE SEPTICAEMIA 



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FIG. 144. Bacillus hydroph'lus fus- 

 cus, in blood of triton. (Sanarelli.) 



tures, at 18 to 20 s C., liquefaction has already commenced along- the line of 

 puncture at the end of twelve hours, and at the end of thirty-six to forty- 

 eight hours half of the gelatin is liquefied in funnel shape; on the third or 

 fourth day the gelatin is completely lique- 

 fied, and a thick, white, flocculent deposit 

 is seen at bottom of the tube. In glycerin- 

 agar, at 37 C., a slight, bluish, diffuse 

 fluorescence is seen upon the surface at the 

 end of twelve hours, and soon after a luxu- 

 riant growth, which soon covers the entire 

 surface, is developed; at the end of twenty- 

 four to thirty-six hours large gas bubbles 

 be,?in to form in the agar; gradually the 

 fluorescence disappears, the surface growth 

 becomes thicker a/id has a dirty-gray color 

 which changes later to brownish. Blood 

 serum is a favorable medium and is rapidly 

 liquefied by this bacillus. Upon potato the 

 growth is most characteristic. At the end 

 of twelve hours a thin, straw-yellow layer 

 is developed along the impfstrich; this 

 gradually becomes vellow, and at the end 

 of four to five days has a brown color, resembling that of the glanders bacil- 

 lus upon potato. 



Pathogenesis. Pathogenic for frogs, toads, lizards, and oth "cold- 

 blooded" animals; also for guinea-pigs, rabbits, dogs, 

 cats, mice, chickens, and pigeons. When a few drops of 

 a bouillon culture are injected into the muscles of the 

 thigh, swelling and redness at the point of inoculation 

 are quickly developed, and death usually occurs in eight 

 to ten hours. The bacilli are found in great numbers in 

 the blood and in all of the organs. Guinea pigs die from 

 general infection within twelve hours after receiving a 

 subcutaneous injection of a small amount of a pure cul- 

 ture; the spleen is enlarged and the liver and spleen hy- 

 peraemic; an extensive inflammatory oedema in the vicin- 

 ity of the inoculation wound is frequently observed; the 

 bacilli are very numerous in the blood and in all the or- 

 gans. Rabbits die in five to six hours from an intravenous 

 injection. Adult dogs are immune, but new-born dogs 

 (three to four days old) die infallibly, after receiving a 

 subcutaneous injection of a small quantity of a pure cul- 

 ture, in twelve to thirty-six hours. Young cats also suc- 

 cumb to similar inoculations. Chickens and pigeons die 

 within five to seven hours after receiving an intravenous 

 injection, but resist subcutaneous injections. 



82. BACILLUS TENUIS SPUTIGENUS. 



Obtained by Pansini (1890) from sputum. 



Morphology. Short bacilli, usually in pairs and sur- 

 rounded by a capsule. 



Stains by Gram's method. 



Biological Characters. An aerobic, non-liquefying ', 

 non motile bacillus. Grows in nutrient gelatin at the 

 room temperature. Develops abundantly on potato. 

 Coagulates milk and produces an acid reaction in this 

 medium. 



1 athogenesis. - Pathogenic for rabbits and white rats; not for guinea- 

 pigs or for white mice (in small doses). 



Fio. 145.-Bacillus 

 hydrophilus fuscus; 

 culture In nutrieut 

 gelatin, end of tix- 

 teen hours. (.Sana- 



