500 PATHOGENIC AEROBIC BACILLI 



He has also found that the liquefying variety when cultivated in 

 bouillon through a series of generations loses its liquefying power to 

 a considerable extent. In the liquefying cultures the bacilli are often 

 elongated and articulated ; in the non-liquefying the short, thick forms, 

 with rounded ends, are most numerous. When injected in equal 

 quantity (two cubic centimetres) under the skin of an ox the results 

 are similar but differ in degree the liquefying bacillus producing a 

 more extensive local lesion. Injected into the lung the results are 

 similar : the liquefying bacillus causes pneumonic nodules as large 

 as an apple and an extensive pleurisy with thick fibrinous exudation 

 infiltrated with a yellow serum ; the non-liquefying bacillus causes 

 the development of nodules the size of an almond or of a walnut, 

 with a limited, but characteristic, pleuritic inflammation. 



Robcis (1894), after discussing the results of inoculations made in 

 the Department of the Seine with pulmonary serum, arrives at the 

 conclusion that Arloing's method of protective inoculations with cul- 

 tures of the Pneumobacillus liquefaciens bovis gives better results 

 than the legal method with serum from an infected animal. 



Arloing prepares from the cultures of his bacillus a "lymph," 

 corresponding with tuberculin and mallein, which he calls " pneumo- 

 bacilline." The toxic action of this lymph corresponds with that of 

 cultures sterilized by heat. The experiments of Guinard and Artaud 

 (1895) show that the toxic products of the bacillus of Arloing are 

 extremely active, and that in dogs the injection of twenty to fifty 

 cubic centimetres of a sterilized (by heat) culture gives rise almost 

 immediately to torpor and sometimes to vomiting and defecation; 

 after several hours vomiting an$ bloody diarrhoea occur, the animal 

 becomes more and more feeble, and finally, if the dose has been suffi- 

 cient, is completely paralyzed and dies. 



121. BACILLUS PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS. 



Obtained by Pfeiffer (1889) from the organs of a horse suspected of hav- 

 ing glanders and killed. 



Morphology. Rather thick bacilli with round ends ; vary considerably 

 in length usually three to five times as long as broad. 



Stains with fuchsin and Lotfler's solution of methylene blue ; does not 

 stain by Gram's method. 



Biological Characters. An aerobic, non-liquefying, non-motile bacil- 

 lus. Spore formation not observed. Grows in the usual culture media at 

 the room temperature. Upon gelatin plates, at the end of twenty-four 

 hours, the superficial colonies are small, yellowish-brown plates, which in- 

 crease rapidly in diameter; under a low power a central papilla is observed, 

 around which the colony extends as a pale-yellow, peculiarly marbled, crys- 

 talline disc ; the deep colonies are at first transparent, sharply denned spheres ; 

 on the third day, under a low power, they are seen to have a dark, finely 

 granular central portion surrounded by a transparent zone; when not 

 crowded upon the plate they may appear as yellowish-brown, finely granu- 

 lar, pear-shaped or lemon-shaped colonies. In gelatin stick cultures growth 

 occurs along the line of puncture in the form of grayish-white, spherical 



