600 BACTERIA IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 



in the anterior* chamber the result was similar, but not so rapidly 

 induced. No infection occurs through the uninjured conjunctiva. 

 When the pneumonia coccus was introduced into the eye of a rabbit 

 general infection and death from septica3mia quickly followed. Ac- 

 cording to Gasparrini the micrococcus of pneumonia is found in the 

 conjunctival sac in a large proportion of healthy eyes in 8 out of lo 

 of the 100 students examined by him. When injected into the vit- 

 reous or anterior chamber, in rabbits, fresh cultures gave rise to a 

 .panophthalmia, and cultures four or five days old to a plastic iritis 

 or to atrophy of the eye from a chronic infectious process. In cases 

 of kerato-hypopyon in man (21) and of panophthalmia (4) this mi- 

 crococcus was found, and in six of the first-mentioned cases it was so 

 virulent that it killed rabbits, when injected subcutaneously, in from 

 twenty-two to thirty-six hours. In seven other cases it was found in 

 pure culture, but proved not to be virulent i.e., did not kill rabbits. 

 In eight cases it was associated with staphylococci. Sattler, in a case 

 of panophthalmia resulting from injury by a splinter of wood, ob- 

 tained cultures of Bacillus pyocyaneus; Randolph reports a case 

 caused by Bacillus coli communis; Wagenmann states that in most 

 cases in which purulent infiltration of the vitreous follows a perfora- 

 ting wound of the eye the ordinary pus cocci are found. In the me- 

 tastatic eye affections occurring in the course of puerperal septi- 

 ca3mia, Herrnheiser (1892) obtained in two cases (of retinitis septica) 

 very virulent cultures of Streptococcus pyogenes and in one a culture 

 of Staphlyococcus pyogenes aureus. In a case of metastatic pan- 

 ophthalmia, occurring in a man aged sixty-seven, after an attack 

 of pneumonia, the micrococcus of pneumonia was found. Accord- 

 ing to Axenfeld (1894) the last-mentioned microorganism is a fre- 

 quent cause of purulent metastatic ophthalmia. 



OSTEOMYELITIS AND PERIOSTITIS. 



The evidence with reference to the presence of Staphylococcus 

 pyogenes aureus in acute osteomyelitis and its probable etiological 

 relation to the cases in which it is found, is given in the article de- 

 scriptive of this microorganism; but the researches of Kraske (lSs>) 

 and of Lannelongue and Achard (1890) show that the "golden sta- 

 phylococcus " is not always found in osteomyelitis. The last-named 

 investigators, in a series of thirteen cases, found Staphylococcus py< >- 

 genes aureus in four only, and in one of these Staphylococcus pyo- 

 genes albus was also present; in three cases Staphylococcus pyogem s 

 albus was obtained in pure cultures; in two cases it was associated 

 with Streptococcus pyogenes; and in two cases a streptococcus ^ as 

 found which resembled Streptococcus pyogenes and yet differed from 



