BACTERIA IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 60? 



In pleurisy occurring as a complication of typhoid fever the ty- 

 phoid bacillus has been found in the exudate (sometimes serous and 

 sometimes purulent) by several bacteriologists. Bacillus coli com- 

 munis has also been found (Albarran and Halle). According to the 

 statistics of Flemming about 41 per cent of the fatal cases of pleurisy 

 (424 cases examined) are due to tubercular infection. 



PLEURO-PNEUMONIA OF CATTLE. 



The evidence appears to be satisfactory that this infectious disease 

 is due to the Pneumobacillus liquefaciens bovis of Arloing (No. 120). 



PLEURO-PNEUMONIA (SEPTIC) OF CALVES. 



An infectious disease of calves, described by Galtier as a septic pleuro- 

 pneumonia, or pneumo-enteritis, is apparently due to the Pneumobacillus 

 septicus (No. 182) of the author named. 



PNEUMONIA. 



The usual infectious agent in croupous pneumonia is Micrococcus 

 pneumonise crouposa3 (No. 8). Friedlander's bacillus and other mi- 

 croorganisms have been found in a comparatively small proportion 

 of the cases ; but it is probable that some of these at least were due 

 to a mixed infection and that the specific infectious agent was over- 

 looked. (See also Broncho-pneumonia.) 



PNEUMONIA IN HORSES. 

 See Diplococcus of pneumonia in horses, of Schutz, No. 32. 



PNEUMO-ENTERITIS OF SWINE. 

 See Swine plague. 



PSEUDO-LEUKEMIA. 



Various microorganisms have been found in connection with pseudo-leu- 

 kaemia, but no one of these has been shown to bear a specific etiological re- 

 lation to the disease. In certain cases diagnosed as pseudo-leukaemia tuber- 

 cular infection of the lymphatic glands and spleen has been found at the 

 autopsy (Weishaupt). In a case reported by Verdelli (1891) the ordinary 

 pyogenic micrococci were obtained from the blood and lymphatic glands. 

 Gabbi and Barbacci (1892) report a case in which a virulent variety of the 

 colon bacillus was obtained from blood drawn from a finger, and from the 

 spleen and lymphatic glands after death. In another case no microorgan- 

 isms could be found. Traversa (1893) obtained a streptococcus (probably 

 Streptococcus pyogenes) in pure cultures from the blood, in a case which 

 came under his observation. Grossi (1893), in a case in which he had an 

 opportunity to make a post-mortem examination, failed to find any microor- 

 ganisms in the blood, the lymphatic glands, or in serum from the cedematous 

 tissues. 



