608 BACTERIA IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 



PSEUDO-TUBERCULOSIS. 



Preisz (1894) has compared the bacillus of pseudo-tuberculosis described 

 by Npcard with that of Pfeiffer, of Parietti, and of Zagari, and finds them 

 identical (see Bacillus pseudo-tuberculosis, No. 121). A different bacillus of 

 pseudo-tuberculosis was obtained by Preisz from an infected sheep (No. 183). 

 Kutscher (1894) has described a bacillus which produces a pseudo-tubercu- 

 losis in mice, under the name Bacillus pseudo-tubercularis murium (No. 184). 

 Eberth (1886) has described a bacillus of pseudo-tuberculosis in rabbits which 

 appears to be identical with the microorganism of ** zooglcea-tuberculosis " of 

 Malasses, Vignal, and Chantemesse. 



PUERPERAL FEVER. 



Puerperal fever is usually due to infection by Streptococcus pyo- 

 genes (No. 5), and in fatal cases this microorganism is almost always 

 found. In a few fatal cases Staphylococcus aureus has been found 

 in pure cultures (Brieger, Fehling, Doderlein, and others), and in 

 non-fatal cases of a comparatively mild character staphylococci are 

 not infrequently the cause of the infection and accompanying fever. 

 Doderlein has reported an epidemic, of limited extent, in which there 

 was a mixed infection by streptococci and staphylococci. Sanger, 

 Kronig (1893), and others have reported cases in which fever, devel- 

 oped during the puerperium, was apparently due to the presence of 

 gonococci in the uterus. 



Von Frangue (1893) and Eisenhart (1884) have reported cases in 

 which Bacillus coli communis was the infectious agent. 



PURPURA H^EMORRHAGICA. 



See account of bacilli found in purpura ha3morrhagica by Babes 

 (No. 146), Kolb (No. 147), and Tizzoni and Giovannini (No. 145). 



PYAEMIA. 



Pathologists at the present day include all cases of general blood infection 

 under the name septicaemia, and localized infections have special names 

 e.g., mastitis, pleuritis, peritonitis, metastatic abscess, etc. When the toxic 

 products of pathogenic bacteria are absorbed from the surface of a suppurat- 

 ing wound, from an abscess cavity, or from any localized focus of infection, 

 we have a septic toxaemia, which manifests itself by more or less fever, and 

 by various symptoms connected with the nervous system, etc. The use of 

 these terms in the sense indicated seems to do away with the necessity for 

 using the old term pyaemia. 



PYELONEPHRITIS. 



In ascending nephritis or pyelonephritis, which is very commonly 

 secondary to a cystitis of long standing, there is good reason to be- 

 lieve that the inflammatory changes and pus formation depend upon 

 the presence of certain bacteria which are found in the urine of such 



