BACTERIA IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 613 



metastatic foci were found, streptococci or staphylococci were usu- 

 ally found in the blood post mortem, and in four out of five cases the 

 blood was examined during life with a positive result. In five 

 cases of osteomyelitis blood examinations showed that Staphylococ- 

 cus pyogenes aureus was usually present. (See also Osteoymelitis.) 



Petruschky (1894) in his extended researches obtained positive 

 results in seventeen cases in which the blood was examined during 

 life (eight non-fatal cases). Streptococci were found in fourteen of 

 these cases, Staphylococcus pyogenes aureus in two, and Staphylococ- 

 cus pyogenes albus in one. In puerperal septicaemia Streptococcus 

 pyogenes is the usual infectious agent. (See Puerperal Fever.) 



In gangrenous septicaemia (septicemie gangreneuse or gazeuse of 

 French authors) the bacillus of malignant oedema (No. 186) is the 

 usual infectious agent, but this is a localized infectious process rather 

 than a general blood infection. 



Certain cases of so-called purpura haemorrhagica are probably 

 due to general blood infection by pathogenic bacilli (see Bacillus of 

 Tizzoni and Giovannini, No. 145, Bacillus of Babes, No. 146, and Ba- 

 cillus of Kolb, No. 147), and von Dungern has described a case of 

 haemorrhagic septica3mia in a new-born child due to infection by a 

 capsule bacillus (No. 164). 



Septiccemia in cattle (Rinderseuche) is due to infection by Bacil- 

 lus septica3mia3 baemorrhagicae (No. 61), as is also septicaemia in deer 

 (Wildseuche), in swine (Schweineseuche), and in rabbits (Kaninchen- 

 septikamie, Koch) . The same bacillus is the cause of the infectious 

 disease of fowls known as " fowl cholera. ' ' Other bacteria producing 

 septicaemia in fowls are bacillus of Lucet (No. 87) and Bacillus 

 gallinarum of Klein (No. 77). Septiccemia in ducks is caused by 

 the bacillus of Cornil and Toupet (No. 62) ; in geese by Spirillum 

 anserum (No. 192) ; in frogs by Bacillus hydrophilus fuscus (No. 

 81); in fish by Bacillus piscicidus agilis (No. 167), and Bacillus of 

 Emmerich and Weibel (No. 169) ; in grouse by Bacillus of grouse 

 disease (No. 76), in parrots by Streptococcus perniciosus psittacorum 

 (No. 43) ; in mice by numerous bacteria, including Bacillus erysipel- 

 atos suis (No. 67), Bacillus typhi murium (No. 84), Bacillus of Laser 

 (No. 83), and Bacillus of Mereshkowski (No. 168); in rabbits by 

 very many pathogenic bacteria from various sources including Bacil- 

 lus septicaemia haemorrhagicae (No. 61), Micrococcus pneumoniae 

 crouposae (No. 8), Bacillus anthracis (No. 45), Bacillus cuniculicida 

 Havaniensis (No. 93), Bacillus leporis lethalis (No. 94) ; in swine 

 by Bacillus septicaemiae haemorrhagicae (No. 61), Bacillus of swine 

 plague, Marseilles (No. 65), and Bacillus of hog cholera (No. 63). 



