614 BACTERIA IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 



SILKWORMS, INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF. 

 See Streptococcus bombycis (No. 24) and Nozema bombycis (No. 25). 



STOMATITIS. 



Schimmelbusch (1889), Lingard (1888) and Foote (1893) have described 

 bacilli obtained by them from the necrotic tissues in cases of iioma. The 

 bacillus of Lingard, obtained from five cases, appears to be identical with 

 that of Schimmelbusch (No. 110). In the case reported by Foote the bacilli 

 found differed from the bacillus of Schimmelbusch as shown by the fact that 

 they stained by Gram's method. 



SYMPTOMATIC ANTHRAX. 



Symptomatic anthrax ("blackleg," "quarter evil," Ger., Rausch- 

 brand) is due to infection by an anaerobic bacillus (see Bacillus of 

 Symptomatic anthrax, No. 188). 



SYPHILIS. 



The etiology of syphilis has not been determined by the researches of 

 bacteriologists. For an account of the microorganisms which have been en- 

 countered in syphilitic lesions the reader is referred to the article on the 

 Bacillus of Lustgarten (No. 55). 



TETANUS. 



Due to infection by Bacillus tetani (No. 185). 



OF CATTLE. 



Billings (1888) has announced the discovery of a bacillus in the blood of 

 cattle suffering from Texas fever, which he supposed to be the cause of this 

 disease, but the investigations of other bacteriologists have failed to confirm 

 the alleged discovery. It appears probable that a mistake in diagnosis was 

 made, and that the disease studied by Billings was an infectious form of sep- 

 ticaemia in cattle similar to the Kinderseuche of German authors. The mi- 

 croorganism which he has described as coming from the blood of the 

 infected animals resembles in its morphology Bacillus septicaemia' li;i -UK >r- 

 rhagicse (No. 61), and, if not identical with this widely distributed species, 

 appears to be very nearly related to it. 



The researches of Smith and other bacteriologists connected with the 

 United States Department of Agriculture appear to have elucidated the etiol- 

 ogy of this disease, and to show that it is due to a blood parasite belonging 

 to the protozoa (Pyrosoma bigeminum of Smith). 



TRACHOMA. 



Fuchs (1894) as a result of his investigations arrives at the con- 

 clusion that trachoma is frequently due to infection by the gono- 

 coccus. He believes that in acute cases the transfer of the infectious 

 secretions causes an acute gonorrhceal ophthalmia; and that when 



