BACTERIA OF THE STOMACH AND INTESTINE. 673 



their growth to the fatty acids, as they are the most resistant to the action of 

 acids. Their products in the small intestine are sufficient to keep the con- 

 tents of that viscus acid, and they thereby prevent or control putrefaction. 

 In the large intestine the secretion is so alkaline that the putrefactive organ- 

 isms reassert themselves. 



" 15. Increased putrefaction in the intestinal canal may therefore be due, 

 in some cases, either to insufficient mortality among the putrefactive organ- 

 isms in the stomach, or to too great mortality among the acid-forming bac- 

 teria and yeasts. 



"16. The lactic acid which appears during the first stages of digestion is 

 due to the action of organisms. 



"17. The lactic, acetic, butyric, and succinic acids found in gastroectasis 

 are due also to organisms which luxuriate in the too stationary contents. 

 The marsh gas, the Brennender-gas of the Germans, is probably due to the 

 same cause ; in the only case of this character with which I have had the 

 good fortune to meet no material for examination could be obtained." 



The following species have been isolated from faeces and the con- 

 tents of the intestine of cadavers : 



Non-pathogenic. Streptococcus coli gracilis (Escherich), Micrococcus 

 aerogenes (Miller), Micrococcus tetragenus versatilis (Sternberg), Micrococ- 

 cus ovalis (Escherich), "Yellow liquefying staphylococcus" (Escherich), 

 " Porzellancoccus " (Escherich), Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus aerogenes (Miller), 

 Bacterium aerogenes (Miller), Bacillus lactis erythrogenes (Hueppe), Clpstri- 

 dium fostidum (Liborius), Bacillus muscoides(Liborius), Bacillus putrificus 

 coli (Bienstock), Bacillus subtilis similis I. and II. (Bienstock), Bacillus 

 Zopfii, Bacillus liquefaciens communis (Sternberg), Bacillus in testinus lique- 

 faciens (Sternberg), Bacillus intestinus motilis (Sternberg), Bacillus fluores- 

 cens liquefaciens (Fliigge), "Colorless fluorescent liquefying bacillus" 

 (Escherich), "Yellow liquefying bacillus" (Escherich), Bacillus mesenteri- 

 cus vulgatus, Bacilli of Booker, A to T, first series ; a to s, second series ; 

 Bacilli of Jeffries A to Z, and a, /?. 



Pathogenic. Staphylococcus pyogenes aureus, Bacillus typhi abdo- 

 minalis, Bacillus septicaemias haemorrhagicae, Bacillus of Belfanti and Pas- 

 carola, Bacillus enteritidis (Gartner), Bacillus of Lesage, Bacillus pseudo- 

 murisepticus (Bienstock), Bacillus coli communis (Escherich), Bacillus lactis 

 aerogenes (Escherich), Bacillus cavicida (Brieger), Bacillus of Emmerich, 

 Bacillus coprogenesfcetidus(Schottelius), Bacillus of Utpadel, Bacillus leporis 

 lethalis (Sternberg), Bacillus acidiformans (Sternberg), Bacillus cuniculicida 

 Havaniensis (Sternberg), Bacillus cadaveris (Sternberg), Bacillus cavicida 

 Havaniensis (Sternberg), Proteus vulgaris (Hauser), Bacillus tuberculosis, 

 Spirillum cholerae Asiaticee Spirillum of Finkler and Prior. 



