THE LESSER CASE MOTH. 117 



two specimens, although they are not difficult to rear, 

 and may be attracted in large numbers by placing some 

 females under a wire meat-cover in the open air. The 

 males are strong flyers, both my specimens having been 

 taken soon after daybreak. 



Our plate shows the insects in all their stages, and 

 also some of the numerous parasites by which they are 

 attacked, these latter having been all reared by either 

 the Messrs. Hill or by ourselves. 



Prevention and Remedies. 



These stick-case moths when in the larval stage are 

 most troublesome to growers, as they appear in such 

 large numbers, especially when in the earlier stages of 

 development, that a few trees may be stripped before the 

 grower is aware of the presence of the case-covered 

 grubs in the orchard. Fortunately, however, these 

 grubs are easily prevented if the danger be taken in 

 time, as a spraying of kerosene emulsion will usually 

 cause them to leave for some other place. Hand-picking 

 when the grubs are present is a good plan, but the best 

 of all is to poison their food by spraying the trees with 

 one of the arsenical preparations, such as Paris green, 

 etc.; but, of course, this spraying may have to be 

 repeated. There are certain birds which will tear these 

 cases open for the purpose of getting at the grub 

 concealed within ; but, as has been said before, poisoning 

 the food is the cheapest and most effective remedy. 



In dealing with this pest when the larvae are very 

 small, the trees require to be well watched, as, having 

 killed one lot, they appear just as bad as ever in a day 

 or two ; but the spraying, if ever so weak, must be 

 persevered with, or else the little u animated" leaf-like 

 cases may astonish the grower by their voracity; and 

 the larger one Metura elongata will tackle oranges, 

 quinces, vines, etc., etc., as stated in my book, 

 Vol. III. The type of this singular insect is in the 

 National Museum, Melbourne. 



