PHYSIOLOGY OF THE CRANIAL NERVES. l\ 



Distribution. The Pneumogastric nerve, Vervus Vagus, or Par 

 Varfum (1, Fig. 368), has, of all the cranial and spinal nerves, the most 

 various distribution, and influences the most various functions, either 

 through its own filaments, or through those which, derived from other 



FIG. 368. View of the nerves of the eighth pair, their distribution and connections on the left 

 side. 2/5.-1, pneumogastric nerve in the neck; 2, ganglion of its trunk; 3, its uni<5n with the spinal 

 accessory; 4, its union with the hypoglossal; 5, pharyngeal branch; 6, superior laryngeal nerve; 7, 

 external laryngeal; 8, laryngeal plexus; 9, inferior or recurrent laryngeal; 10, superior cardiac 

 branch; 11, middle cardiac; IsJ, plexiform part of the nerve in the thorax; 13, posterior pulmonary 

 plexus; 14, lingual or gustatory nerve of the inferior maxillary; 15, hypoglossal, passing into th 

 muscles of the tongue, giving its thyro-hoid branch, and uniting with twigs of the lingual; 16, 

 glosso-pharyngeal nerve; 17, spinal accessory nerve, uniting by its inner branch with the pneumo- 

 gastric and by its outer, passing into the sterno-mast rid muscle; ,18, second cervical nerve; 19, 

 ; 20, fourth; 21, origin of the phrenic nerve; 22, 23, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth cervical 



us 24 suerior cervical anerhon of the 



third; 



, , , , , 



nerves, forming with the first dorsal the brachial plexus; 24, superior cervical ganerhon 

 sympathetic; 25, middle cervical ganglion; 26, inferior cervical ganglion united with the first dorsal 

 glnglion; 27, 28, 29, 30, second, third, fourth, and fifth dorsal ganglia. (From Sappey after Hirsch- 

 feld and Leveille.) 



