344 CLASS vi ii. 



Tipula (Sp. of Tipula L.) Antennae filiform or setaceous, with 

 13 joints, the first elongato-cylindrical, second cup-shaped, short, 

 the rest cylindrical, pilose. Palps incurved, with last joint longer 

 than .the rest, cylindrical, annulate or nodose. Ocelli none. Wings 

 divaricate. 



Sub-genera : Pachyrkina MACQ., Tipula ejuscl. 

 Ctenophora MEIG. (antennae pectinate in male). 



In this division are found the largest species of Nemocera, for instance, 

 Tipula prcepotens WIEDEM. from the island of Java, whose body is 16 lines 

 long, and the slightly smaller European Tipula giyantea SCHEANK, SCHEL- 

 LENBERG, Dipt. Tab. 36, CUVIER R. Ani. ed. ill., Ins. PI. 162, fig. 5 , 

 Tipula oleracea L., DE GEER Ins. vi. PI. 18, figs. 12, 13 ; Tipula crocata 

 L., VILLERS Entonwl. Linn. Tab. IX. fig. 2, dull black, with a yellow ring 

 behind the head, yellow spots on the thorax, and three orange-coloured 

 rings on the first part of the abdomen ; wings brownish, with a black spot 

 at the margin ; feet dark brown. With this species is often confounded 

 Tipula flaveolata F., Ctenophora flaveolata MEIG., REAUMUR Ins. v. Tab. I. 

 figs. 1416; CUVIER R. Ani. ed. ill., Ins. PI. 162, fig. 2, which is easily 

 distinguishable by its thicker and yellow feet, by seven yellow rings on the 

 abdomen, of which one is at the base, and by its shining black, whilst the 

 male, moreover, has plumed antennae. The larva of this species lives hi 

 hollow stems of trees. 



Dictenidia, Xiphura, BRULLE Ann. dc la Soc. Entom. de France, I. pp. 

 205 209, PI. v. Species of Ctenophora. 



Pedicia LATE. 

 NepJirotoma MEIG. 



Pty chapter a MEIG. Antennae with sixteen joints, the third joint 

 long, cylindrical. Last joint of palps very long, setaceous. Ocelli 

 none. Wings divaricate, folded on the posterior margin. 



Sp. Ptych. contaminata, Tipula contaminata L., Cuv. R. Ani. ed. itt., Ins. 

 PI. 162, fig. 4. 



Chironomus MEIG. (with addition of some genera), FABR. 

 Antennae plumose. Ocelli none. 



Ceratopogon MEIG. Antennae with thirteen joints in both sexes, 

 pilose ; the eight inferior joints in the male barbate outwards. 

 Wings parallel, incumbent. 



The larvae live under the moist bark of dead trees. The head excepted, 

 every ring has on the upper part two very long hairs, with a round knob at 

 the extremity, not transparent, which looks like a pearl. 



See GUE"RIN Ann. de la Soc. Entom,. de France, n. pp. 161 167, PI. vm. 



