INSECT A. 385 



trouvent aux environs d'Aix, Ann. des Sc. not. xxvi. 1832, pp. 184 

 198 ; J. 0. WESTWOOD, Insector. nonnullor. e familia Cynipidarum 

 description's; GUERIN, Magas. de Zool. 1837, Ins. PI. 179; HARTIG, 

 Ueb. die Familie der Galhvespen; GERMAK'S Zeitschr. f. d. Entom. n. 

 1840. s. 176209, m. 1841. s. 322358, iv. 1843, s. 395422. 



Cynips L. (exclusive of some species), Diplolepis GEOFFR. 



Sub-genera : Allotria, WEST., (Xystus HARTIG), Anacharis DALM. (Mega- 

 pelmus HARTIG), Leiopteron PERTY, WESTW., Peras WESTW., Figites LATR., 

 Biorliyza WESTW. (Apophyllus HARTIG), Cynips LATR., WESTW., Ibalia 

 LATR., and others; on which see WESTWOOD, Generic Synops. pp. 55, 56, 

 . and HARTIG, 1. 1. 



Sp. Cynips Gallce tinctorice OLIVIER, Voyage dans V empire Otkoman, Paris an 

 9, Atlas, PI. 15, BRANDT u. RATZEBURG, Mediz. Zool. n. Tab. xxi. fig. 

 ir 13 ; this species lives on Quercus infecforia in Asia Minor, Syria, &c. ; 

 Cynips Quercus folii L., RCES. Ins. m. Suppl. Tab. 52, 53, f. 10, n; Cyn. 

 Kosce L., REAUMUR, Ins. in. PL 46, fig. 5-7, PI. 47, fig. 1-4, BLANKAART, 

 Schouburg, Tab. 16, fig. v-z, BRANDT u. RATZEBURG, 1. 1. Tab. xxi. fig. 

 5-7, on the wild or garden-rose, in which it causes mossy excrescences 

 named Dog-rose-sponge or Bedeguar. 



Note. Abdomen in most extremely short-petiolated. Some are 

 distinguished by their long petiole (sub-genera Anachoris, Leiop- 

 teron, &c.) Males are distinguished from females by their small 

 size, longer antennae, mostly also by the third joint of their antennae 

 being sinuated outwards. Of some species the females alone are 

 known. 



Family XXIII. Urocerata (Siriciclce CuETis). Abdomen sessile, 

 ntinuous with thorax, covering the origin of posterior feet, cylin- 

 ical or oblong. Mandibles short, thick. Wings both anterior 

 d posterior with distinct cells. Tibia of first pair of feet with a 

 ngle terminal spine. Borer of females in some exsert, straight, 

 ith three setas, received between two horny valves, in others 

 pillary, contorted at the base, contained in abdomen. Larvae 

 rnished with six feet, phytophagous. 



The larvae of the chief genus of this division Sirex live in wood, 

 especially fir and pine, some also in beech, poplar and birch. Of 

 others the larvae are still unknown. DAHLBOM suspects that the 

 larva of Oryssus lives on gall-nuts. The opinion of SPINOLA and 

 LEPELETIER that the larvae live parasitically in those of wood- 

 eating insects, like ichneumons, is an error, and rests on imperfect 

 observation. 

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