INSECTA. 413 



Case-nymphs (Phryganece) there are, as in caterpillars, two long 

 vessels, which secrete the silken material. In their straight intesti- 

 nal canal, also, and in the small number of their vasa urinaria, 

 these larvae resemble caterpillars 1 ; and on the whole the genus 

 Phryganea, although still really belonging to this order, forms a 

 very natural transition to the Lepidoptera, which does not rest 

 merely on general external resemblance or analogy. 



In this order many species are met with in which the instinct 

 is surprising, and their economy extremely interesting; we name 

 merely the lion-ant with its crafty device to overpower its prey, 

 and the celebrated mines and buildings of the white ants, or ter- 

 mites, &c. 



A. Neuroptera with metamorphosis complete. 



Tarsi in all quinquearticulate. 



Family XXVIII. Phryganidce (Trichoptera KIRBY). Wings 

 deflected, posterior often broader than anterior, folded longitudi- 

 nally, the anterior with numerous branched nervures, covered with 

 hairs, coloured. Mandibles obsolete or very small, remote, not 

 convergent. Maxillary palps long, with three to five joints, 

 labial palps short, three-jointed. Prothorax short. (Antennas with 

 numerous joints, long, mostly setaceous. Ocelli three.) 



Comp. C. F. PICTET, Recherches pour servir a I'Hist. et a I'Anatomie des 

 Phryganides. Avec pi. color, i vol. 4-to. Geneve, 1834. 



Case-nymphs, Caddis-flies. The upper jaws are here very small 

 and little developed, as in the last order (SAVIGNY, Mem. s. I. ani. s. 

 vert. I. p. 29, PL i. fig. 1). The larvae live in water, in cases open 

 at both ends, composed of small pieces of wood, of small fresh- water 

 shells (in which frequently the inhabitants are still resident), of 

 sand, of duck-weed, of fragments of leaves that have fallen into the 

 water, &c. They fasten these substances together by means of their 

 web ; the inner surface of the case, which is very smooth, is also 



1 KAMDOHR found only four, which agrees with the number in caterpillars, but 

 this requires to be confirmed by further investigation, since LEON DUFOUR, in the 

 jpecies examined by him, always met with six. However, the Ephemerince and 

 Libettulince, i. e. by far the greatest number of the Neuroptera, have very numerous 

 '30 40) short vasa urinaria, like the Orthoptera; those which undergo a perfect 

 netamorphosis only six or eight ; see LEON DUFOUR, Mem. presentes, Tom. vn., and 

 LOEW in GERMAR'S Zeitschrift fur die Entomologie IV. (1813), s. 423, &c. (Bemer- 

 wmgen uber die anatomischen Verhaltnisse der Neuropteren.) 



