506 CLASS VIII. 



The Stag-beetles. The genus Lucanus, although from the 

 characters given above much more limited here than with LINNAEUS, 

 still contains different genera of modern authors which it is 

 impossible for us to set forth here. The under jaws are commonly 

 membranous ; in the females alone of some exotic species the 

 innermost lobe (mandd) has a horny hooklet at the extremity 1 . In 

 some species the eyes are completely divided by a projecting flat 

 margin of the head into two, one situated on the upper and one on 

 the under side of the head. 



Comp. C. P. THUNBERG Lucani MonograpJiia, Mim. de la Soc. impe'r. 

 de Moscou, i. pp. 150 173. PI. 12; MAC LEAY, fforce entomol. 1819 (An- 

 nulosa Javanica, e"dit. franp. Paris, 1833, 8vo. pp. u 29) ; J. 0. WEST- 

 WOOD Descriptio gener. novor. e fam. Lucanid., Ann. des Sc. not. ie Se'rie, 

 I. 1834, pp. 112 127, PL 7; BURMEISTER ffandb. der Entom. v. 1847, 

 s. 311442. 



Lucanus LATR. (and Platycerus ejusd. in part). 



Sp. Lucanus cervus L., Stag-beetle, cerf volant, Hirsch-Mfer, Scliroter, Jiet 

 vliegend hert, &c., K.QESEL Ins. n. Scar. terr. Cl. I. Tab. iv. v., VOET 

 Coleopt. i. Tab. ig, figs, i, 2, DUMERIL Cons. gen. s. I. Ins. PL 5, fig. i ; 

 dark-brown (like old mahogany) ; the male is larger than the female, has 

 the head broader than the thorax, and branched upper jaws about the 

 length of head and thorax together, these included it is fall 2^" long; in 

 the female the upper jaws are less than the head. The size, however, varies 

 much ; a constantly smaller variety is Lucanus capreolus FABR. (not L.), 

 VOET, 1. 1. figs. 3, 4, SULZER Abgek. Gesch. d. Ins. Tab. n. fig. i, which 

 is found with the ordinary one. (Lucanus capreolus L. is a N. American 

 species, which FABRICIUS names Lucanus dama.) The metamorphosis of 

 the stag-beetle is described by EOESEL. The larva is pale yellow, becomes 

 very large, and lives some years; it lives in decaying oak-trees. The 

 perfect insect makes its appearance in June and July. 



Chiasognathus STEPHENS. Club not abruptly distinct, with six 

 lamellae. (Eyes always divided into two parts by the margin of 

 head, as by a septum.) 



Sub-genera : Chiasognathus STEPHENS (antennae of males with a whorl of 

 hairs before the club), Sphcerognathus BUQUET. Mandibles of males in both 

 these sub-genera longer than thorax, sometimes of the length of body. Sp. 

 Chiasogn. Grantii, Tetrophthalma Chiloensis, LESSON Illust. de Zool. 

 PL 24, Diet. univ. d'Hist. not., Ins. Coleopt. PL 7, fig. 3; Sphcerogn. 

 prionoldes BUQUET, GUE"RIN Magas. de Zool. 1839, ^ ns - PI- I 5 Sphcerogn. 

 Feisthamelii GUBRIN ibid. 1840, PL 39. Species from S. America. 



Ryssonotus MAC L. Mandibles thick, with external margin unidentate. 

 Sp. Luc. nebulosus KIRBY, from New Holland. 



1 WESTWOOD, Annals of Nat. History, vm. 1842, pp. 121 123. 



