516 CLASS VIII. 



CydocepJiala LATR. Mandibles not crenatc exteriorly. Body 

 oval. Elytra not dilated. Anterior tarsi in males mostly incras- 

 sated. 



Species exotic, most from South America. FABRICIUS placed those known to 

 him amongst the Melolonthce. Sp. Cycloc. melanocephala, Mel. melano- 

 cephala FABR., VOET Coleopt. i. Tab. 9, fig. 80 ; Cycl. undata, Mel. 

 spilophthalma HERBST, VOET Coleopt. i. Tab. 10, fig. 91. 



Ifote. Add genus Chapelus MAC L. and some other sub-genera described 

 by BURMEISTER Handb. d. Entom. V. pp. 18 86. 



f f Clypeus narrow, often acute ; mandibles at the sides of clypeus not 

 covered, with eocternal margin often crenate. 



Scarabceus LATE, (with the addit. of genera Phikurm ejusd. 

 and Oryctes ILLIG.), Geotrupes FABR. 



a) Head not different in the sexes, never horned but either smooth or 

 armed with one or two tubercles, gibbous. Thorax in males often tuberculatt 

 or horned. 



Strategus KIRBY. 



Sp. Scar. Alceus L., VOET Coleopt. i. Tab. xvm. fig. 122, Tab. xix. fig. 128 .- 

 habitat South America. 



b) Head different in the sexes, of male tuberculate or horned, of femaU 

 obsoletely tuberculate or entirely unarmed. 



Sub-genera : Phileurus LATE., Agaocephala MANNERH., Oryctei 

 ILLIG., Scarabceus LATE. 



Note. This section of the Scarabcei is indeed numerous, but the gener; 

 of modern writers, most of them artificial, scarcely seem to throw any ligh 

 on the distinction of species and the natural arrangement. Oryctes indee< 

 is distinguished by defect of teeth in the maxillae, but there are specie 

 similar in habit with denticulate maxillse, which cannot be separated fror 

 the Oryctidce (genera Stypotrupes BURM., Xyloryctes HOPE). Charactc jt 

 non facit genus. 



Sp. Scarabceus nasicornis L., SWAMMERDAM BiU. Nat. Tab. xxvn., R(ESE 

 Ins. n. Scar. terr. Cl. i. Tab. vi. ix., PANZER Deutschl. Ins. Heft ti 

 Tab. 2 ; the Rhinoceros-beetle; found especially under bark in hot-beds. 



Scarab. Hercules L., VOET Coleopt. i. Tab. xn. fig. 98, ECESEL Ins. i 

 Scar. terr. Prsef. Cl. i. Tab. A. I. Tom. iv. Tab. v. fig. 3, from the Wes 

 Indies, &c. These large beetles live on the sap that flows from woundc 

 trees or roots ; for that purpose they wound the bark with their horn, ; 

 the Lucani do with their jaws. 



E. ArenicolcB (Trogidce MAC L., WESTWOOD, and Geotrup< 

 eorund.). Elytra covering the abdomen completely. Abdomin; 



