EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 837 



PLATE VII. INSECTS. 

 With the exception of figs. 4 and 5, all the figures are from nature. 



Fig. 1. Lithobius forficatus, p. 294-. Natural size. 



Fig. 2. Oral organs, head and antennae of a large Scolopendra, slightly 

 magnified. A, head; B, antenna; a a, upper jaws; b b, under 

 jaws; c, under lip; d', first; d", second; d'", third pair of feet. 



Fig. 3. Oral organs of Gryllotalpa vulgaris, magnified, illustrating p. 249. 

 A, upper lip; B, upper jaws; c, under jaws; c' c f , palps; c"c", 

 galea or helm of the lower jaws (internal palps); D, under 

 lip with its palps d d. 



Figs. 4, 5. Head, spiral tongue and other oral organs of Noctua pace, 

 magnified ; after SAVIGNY Memoires, I. PI. in. fig. 1. Compare 

 p. 250. 



Fig. 4. A, basal piece of antenna, a a, compound eyes ; b b, 

 upper jaws; c', under jaws (spiral tongue) ; d' d', attachment of 

 the palps of the under lip that have been removed. 



Fig. 5. The under lip c, with its palps c' c', divested on the 

 left side of the hairs with which they are beset. 



Fig. 6. Intestinal canal of Gryllotalpa vulgaris, natural size, to illustrate 

 pp.253 256; a, oesophagus; b, crop or proventriculus : c, muscular 

 stomach, with two blind appendages near its inferior orifice ; d, e, 

 stomach, or duodenum, according to M. DE SERRES; g, h, intes- 

 tinal canal, slightly unrolled, as in e ; f, the short and numerous 

 urinary vessels, which terminate by a common efferent duct at g. 



Fig. 7. The two secretory tubes of the web in Cossus ligniperda, natural 

 size, see p. 392. 



Fig. 8. A Gryllotalpa vulgaris not yet full grown, shewing the air-slits 

 (stigmata) 1 10, see p. 261. This figure may serve at the same 

 time as an example of imperfect metamorphosis, see p. 273. 



Fig. 9. A portion of a stem of the air-tubes with three branches from 

 a large Scolopendra, see p. 259. 



Fig. 10. Internal sexual organs of male Gryllotalpa vulgaris, magnified 

 two diameters, to illustrate pp. 267 269 ; a a, testes ; b b, efferent 

 vessels; c c, prostate (blind tubes, pp. 268, 269); c', such a tube un- 

 rolled ; d, base of penis, covered on the upper surface with small 

 blind vascules like villi (COWPER'S glands ?). 



Fig. 11. Internal sexual organs of female of the same species; a a, 

 ovaries; b b, oviducts ; c, blind sac (receptaculum seminis), of 

 which the very fine duct cf terminates in the vagina. See pp. 265, 

 266. 



