92 CLASS XIV. 



Taf. 19 21 ; and Fische Syriens, s. n 53, &c., Tab. I. (figures of the 

 pharyngeal teeth). 



t Dorsal fin long (i. e. beginning above the ventral fins and pro- 

 duced as far as the posterior part of the anal fin). 



Cyprinus Cuv. A dentate spine in the anterior part of the 

 dorsal and the anal fins. Anal fin short. Pharyngeal teeth masti- 

 catory, with crown mostly sulcate. 



Sp. Cyprinus carpio L., BLOCK Ichth. Tab. 16, YARR. Brit. Fishes, i. p. 305. 

 Cuv. R. Ani., e"d. ill., Poiss. PL 93, fig. i ; the Carp, la Carpe, der Karp- 

 fen ; four short barbules at the upper jaw, the back round, olive- coloured, 

 belly yellow; in still waters, especially in the south of Europe; this species 

 may be 3' long. A variety with very large scales and naked spots is named 

 Spiegelkarper, Carpe a miroir, BLOCK Ichth. Tab. 17. Monstrous indi- 

 viduals sometimes occur with an arched head and short impressed snout. 



In others there are no barbules. They form the genus Carassius NiLS- 

 SON, Cyprinopsis FITZINGER. Sp. Cyprinus carassius L., BLOCK Ichth. Tab. 

 n, STcandinaviens FisTcar, Tab. 31 ; the steenTcarper, stone- carp, with a very 

 deep body, is seldom more than i' long. C. Gibelio BLOCK, GMEL., which is 

 less deep and more elongate, ought, according to ECKSTROEM, to be regarded 

 simply as a variety of this species. 



Cyprinus auratus L., BLOCK Ichth. Tab. 93 ; the gold-fish (Kin-Yu), from 

 China and Japan, naturalised in our stews ; it was first imported into Hol- 

 land in the middle of the last century (see BASTER Verhand. van de Haarl. 

 Maatsch. vii. bl. 215 246, Natuurlc. Uitsp. II. bl. 83 101, Tab. XI.); 

 according to BLOCK it was introduced into England in 1611, in the reign of 

 James I. The varieties of this fish are very numerous, there are also modi- 

 fications of the fins ; some have no dorsal fin. 



Gibelion HECKEL. Dorsal and anal fin without osseous ray. Anal 

 fin short. 



Sp. Cyprinus abramoides SYKES, Trans, of the Zool. Soc. u. Part 5, PI. 61, 

 fig. 2 ; from India, like the other species of this division. 



Wiodeus AGARS. Dorsal and anal fin elongate. Anal fin without 

 osseous ray. 



Sp. Cyprinus amarus BLOCK, Tab. 8, fig. 3, &c. (Add genus Devario HECK.) 



ft 1 Dorsal fin short. 



a) Anal fin shorter than, or equalling dorsal. 



Barbus Cuv. Osseous ray in dorsal fin, and sometimes in anal 

 fin. Cirri four. Dorsal fin placed above the ventral. Pharyngeal 

 teeth cylindrical, uncinate towards the apex, hollowed by an oval 

 fossa before the apex. 



