PISCES. 165 



gous membrane with seven rays. Spines of first dorsal fin increased 

 by a long filament. A row of osseous shields in the keel of belly, 

 and at the sides of second dorsal fin. Lateral line incurved equably 

 throughout its entire length, parallel to back. Scales small, oval. 



Sp. Zeus faber L., WILLUGHB. Tab. s. 16, BLOCH Ichth. Tab. 41, GUERIN 

 Iconogr., Poiss. PI. 32, fig. i ; the skeleton figured in ROSENTHAL 

 Ichthyotom. Taf. xiu. fig. i, and AGASSIZ Poiss. foss. v. Tab. B, fig. 2 ; 

 the Dory, Sonnenfisch, la Doree; in the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic 

 Ocean; in the North Sea this fish has the northern limit of its distribution, 

 as it seems, at 54. The colour of the fishes observed by me was, in 

 agreement with CUTTER'S statement, bluish-grey (lead- coloured), and not 

 a lively yellow as in the figure of BLOCH. Above and behind the pectoral 

 fin is a large round black spot, surrounded by a ring of lighter colour and 

 an outermost very black ring. In old individuals this spot is more undefined 

 and dull. In the specimens also of Zeus pungio Cuv. which I investigated, 

 I saw the same spot. This species from the Mediterranean Sea is distin- 

 guished by a large spine from the scapula, which extends backwards above 

 the gill-covers. Cuv. et VALENC., Poiss. x. PI. 280. 



Capros LAC. Scales small, coarse, aculeate (ctenoid). Eyes 

 very large. Branchiostegous membrane with five rays. 



Sp. Capros aper LAC., Zeus aper L., Perca pusilla BRUENNICH, RONDELET 

 De Piscib. p. 161, YARRELL Brit. Fish. i. p. 169, Cuv. et VALENC. Hist. nat. 

 des Poiss. x. PI. 281, from the Mediterranean Sea- Whether this fish has 

 so great an affinity with Zeus as to allow of its being placed next to that 

 genus, appears to me very doubtful. The internal structure, too, is in 

 many respects very different; there are, ex. gr. only two short pyloric 

 appendages, which are so numerous in the rest of the Scomberoids. 

 AGASSIZ would place this fish with Datnia amongst the Percoids. But 

 near Centriscus amongst the Aulostomes, where it has also been proposed 

 to arrange it, it would have been beyond doubt in a much less appropriate 

 position than near Zeus. 



B. Dorsal fin single. Caudal fin forked. 



Lampris KETZIUS, Chrysotosus LAC. Scales small or moderate, 

 deciduous. Teeth none. Branchiostegous membrane with seven 

 rays. Dorsal fin with three undivided rays, the third ray longest. 

 Ventral fins with numerous rays (14 or 15), elongate. 



Sp. Lampris guttatus RETZ., Zeus guttatus BRUENN., Zeus luna GMEL., 

 Encycl. meth., Poiss. PI. 39, fig. 155, GUERIN Iconogr., Poiss. PI. 32. 

 fig. 2, YARRELL Brit. Fish. i. p. 173, Cuv. et VAL. Poiss. x. PI. 282, &c. 

 This rare and beautifully ornamented fish, silver-coloured with white shining 

 spots and deep-red fins, is found in the North Sea, and attains usually 

 a length of more than 3', sometimes even more than 4'. The skeleton is 

 circumstantially described and figured in its particulars by G. BAKKER in 



