PISCES. 191 



Cape-colonists is, as was stated above, a scomberoid; Sphyrcence have much 

 more the habitus of pikes, than these.) 



Polynemus L. Head scaly, with snout obtuse, prominent. Teeth 

 small, crowded in jaws, vomer and palate-bones. Branchiostegous 

 membrane with seven rays. Two dorsal fins distant. Free fingers 

 below pectoral fins, in various number. Ventral fins little remote 

 from pectoral, adhering to the osseous belt of these. Caudal fin 

 large, deeply bilobed. 



Sp. Polynemus longiflis Cuv., Polynemus paradiseus L. (and Polynem. quin- 

 quarius L., sec. Cuv.), SEBA, HI. Tab. 27, fig. -2, Encycl. metJi., Poiss. 

 PL 74, figs. 307 and 308, (figures copied from the work of EDWARDS) ; the 

 mango, from the Indian Ocean, the mouths of the Ganges and at Borneo ; 

 seven free rays, of which three are longer than the body; Polynemus 

 plebejus BROUSSON. IcJith. Tab. vn. ; Polynemus lineatus LAC. Poiss. V. 

 PI. 13, fig. 2, SCHLEG. Faun. Japon., Pise., Tab. IX. fig. i; in the Indian 

 Ocean, the South Pacific and at Japan, with five free rays at the pectoral 

 fins, which are short and scarcely reach as far as behind the ventral fins. 

 The greatest number of free filaments that have hitherto been observed at 

 the pectoral fins in this genus is fourteen (in Polyn. multiJUis Mus. L. B., 

 a new species from Borneo), the smallest three. 



Haplodactylus Cuv., VAL. 



Note. Fish of Chili unknown to me, with four inferior rays of pectoral 

 fins undivided, rays of branchiostegous membrane six, maxillary teeth in 

 several rows, the anterior larger, crenate, with small crowded teeth in the 

 anterior part of vomer, palatine teeth none. Comp. Cuv. et VAL. Poiss. 

 vin. pp. 476 481, PL 242. 



B. Ventral fins jugular. 



Uranoscopus L. Head depressed, rugged, large. Gape of 

 mouth ascending, with upper jaw shorter. Teeth small, crowded 

 in jaws, vomer and palate-bones, sometimes larger, conical, in 

 a single row at the sides of lower jaw. Branchiostegous membrane 

 with six rays. Dorsal fins mostly two, of which the first is small, 

 or the dorsal fin single, long. Pectoral fins ample. Body covered 

 with small scales, rarely scaleless. 



Sp. Uranoscopus sealer L., BLOCH Ichth. Tab. 163, LAC. Poiss. n. PL xi. 

 fig. i, Cuv. B. Ani., ed. ill,, Poiss. PL 17, fig. i; the skeleton in 

 ROSENTHAL Ichthyot. Taf. 1 8, fig. 5 ; in the Mediterranean Sea; also some 

 species from the coasts of India and Japan, and from the South Pacific, as 

 Uranosc. inermis Cuv. et VAL. Poiss. HI. PL 65, Cuv. JR. Ani., ed. ill., 

 Poiss. PL 1 7, fig. 3, with single dorsal fin. In the western hemisphere this 

 genus is represented by a species with two dorsal fins, on the coast of North 

 America, Uranosc. anoplos Cuv. 



