CLASS XV. 

 EEPTILES (REPTILIA}\ 



THE Keptiles are vertebrate animals, mostly oviparous and cold- 

 blooded 2 , that breathe by lungs. Some breathe at first by gills, 

 which afterwards disappear, when the lungs have been developed; 

 whilst in a few, during the whole life, there are both gills and 

 lungs. 



The spinal column is in this class of very various length, and 

 by this is already indicated the much greater diversity of form by 



1 On this class may be consulted : 



LACEP. Quadrup. ovip. et serp., LACEPEDE, Histoire naturelle des Quadrupedes ovi- 

 pares et des serpens. Paris, 1 789, i Vol. 4to, with many (mostly very defective) figures. 



J. E. SCHNEIDER Historic Amphibiorum natur. et literarice Fasc. n. Jenae, 1799, 

 1 80 1, 8vo, with plates. 



DAUD. Rept. F. M. DAUDIN, Histoire natur. generate et particuliere des Reptiles. 

 Paris, An. X. XI. (1802, 1803) vni. Tom. 8vo, with plates. 



MERREM Beitr. B. MERREM Beitrdge zur Gesch. der Amphibien. Duisburg, Leipzig 

 und Essen, 1790 1821. 3 Heft, 4-to, with coloured plates. 



DUMER. et BIBRON Erpetol. A. M. C. DDMERIL et G. BIBRON, Erpetologie generale 

 ou Hist. not. complete des Reptiles, ix. Vol. 8vo, Paris, 1834 1854, avec Atlas de 108 

 PI. 



As systematic works we may add the following : 



J. N. LAURENTI Specimen medicum exhibens synopsin Reptilium. Cum tab. sen. 

 Viennae, 1768, 8vo, A. BRONGNIART, Essai d'une classification des Reptiles. Paris, 

 1805, avec 2 PI. 4to, B. MERREM Tentamen systematis Amphibiorum. Marburgi, 

 1820, 8vo, L. J. FITZINGER Neue Classification der Reptilien. Wien, 1826, 4to, and 

 by the same, [Systema Reptilium, Fasciculus primus. Amblyglossce. Vindobonse, 1843, 

 8vo, J. WAGLER Naturliches System der Amphibien. Miinchen, Stuttgart und Tubin- 

 gen, 1830, 8vo. 



As collections of figures we may cite : 



H. SCHLEGEL Abbildungen neuer oder unvollstandig belcannter Amphibien. Dussel- 

 dorf, 1837 J ^44 (50 col. plates in large 4to, with explanatory text in 8vo); many 

 Reptilia are figured in the first and second parts of the great work of SEBA, Locuple- 

 tissimi Rerum naturalium Thesauri accurata descriptio et iconib. artif. expressio, Amstelod. 

 1734 1765, IV. Vol. folio; also the Abbildungen zur Naturgeschichte Brasiliens. by 

 Prince MAX of Wied (15 Liefer. Weimar, 1822 1831, folio) contain principally species 

 of Reptiles (only a few Mammals and Birds). Of the German species of Eeptiles 

 small but generally good figures are to be found in STURM Deutschlands Fauna, 3te 

 Abth. Die Amphibien 6 Hefte. 1797 1828, i2mo. 



2 On the temperature of Eeptiles see A. DUMERIL Rech. experimentales sur la tem- 

 perature des Reptiles, Ann. des Sc. not., 3ieme SeVie, xvn. 1852, Zool. p. 522. 



